Encyclopedia of Criminal Justice Ethics
Purchase
Description
Federal, state, county, and municipal police forces all have their own codes of conduct, yet the ethics of being a police officer remain perplexing and are often difficult to apply in dynamic situations. The police misconduct statistics are staggering and indicate that excessive use of force comprises almost a quarter of misconduct cases, with sexual harassment, fraud/theft, and false arrest being the next most prevalent factors. The ethical issues and dilemmas in criminal justice also reach deep into the legal professions, the structure and administration of justice in society, and the personal characteristics of those in the criminal justice professions.
The Encyclopedia of Criminal Justice Ethics includes A to Z entries by experts in the field that explore the scope of ethical decision making and behaviors within the spheres of criminal justice systems, including policing, corrections, courts, forensic science, and policy analysis and research. This two-volume set is available in both print and electronic formats.
Features:
- Entries are authored and signed by experts in the field and conclude with references and further readings, as well as cross references to related entries that guide readers to the next steps in their research journeys.
- A Reader's Guide groups related entries by broad topic areas and themes, making it easy for readers to quickly identify related entries.
- A Chronology highlights the development of the field and places material into historical context; a Glossary defines key terms from the fields of law and ethics; and a Resource Guide provides lists of classic books, academic journals, websites and associations focused on criminal justice ethics.
- Reports and statistics from such sources as the FBI, the United Nations, and the International Criminal Court are included in an appendix.
- In the electronic version, the Reader's Guide, index, and cross references combine to provide effective search-and-browse capabilities.
The Encyclopedia of Criminal Justice Ethics provides a general, non-technical yet comprehensive resource for students who wish to understand the complexities of criminal justice ethics.
Key Themes:
- History of Criminal Justice Ethics
- General Criminal Justice Ethics
- Police Ethics
- Legal Ethics
- Correctional Ethics
- Criminal Justice Cases and Controversies
- Technology, Crime, and Ethics
- Ethics and Critical Criminology
Contents
Criminal informants
Criminal informants
Plea bargaining
Plea bargaining
Prison labor
Prison labor
Criminal Justice Ethics (journal and history of)
Criminal Justice Ethics (journal and history of)
Noble cause corruption
Noble cause corruption
Border patrol
Border patrol
Restorative Justice (theory/practice)
Restorative Justice (theory/practice)
Public Shootings (in schools, at theaters, by municipal buildings)
Public Shootings (in schools, at theaters, by municipal buildings)
Prisoner rights
Prisoner rights
Neuroscience and the criminal law
Neuroscience and the criminal law
LGBTQ communities and hate crimes
LGBTQ communities and hate crimes
Same sex marriage, civil unions, domestic partnerships, and Defense of Marriage Act
Same sex marriage, civil unions, domestic partnerships, and Defense of Marriage Act
Women in prison (mother/child separation and policy)
Women in prison (mother/child separation and policy)
Death Row
Death Row
Roper vs. Simmons (2005)
Roper vs. Simmons (2005)
Three-strikes laws (i.e., habitual felon laws)
Three-strikes laws (i.e., habitual felon laws)
Jury ethics (duties/rights)
Jury ethics (duties/rights)
Jury nullification
Jury nullification
Sex Offender Registry
Sex Offender Registry
Confessions, Coerced
Confessions, Coerced
Private prisons
Private prisons
Prosecutorial Misconduct
Prosecutorial Misconduct
Accountability
Accountability
Forgiveness
Forgiveness
Sex offenders in jails/prisons
Sex offenders in jails/prisons
Beccaria, Cesare (on crimes and punishment)
Beccaria, Cesare (on crimes and punishment)
Kant, Immanuel (deontology and self-legislation)
Kant, Immanuel (deontology and self-legislation)
Prison sexuality
Prison sexuality
Solitary Confinement
Solitary Confinement
Juvenile Detention Facilities
Juvenile Detention Facilities
Juveniles in adult jails
Juveniles in adult jails
Age of criminal responsibility
Age of criminal responsibility
Sexting (laws and crimes)
Sexting (laws and crimes)
Euthanasia
Euthanasia
At-Risk Youth
At-Risk Youth
Social Justice
Social Justice
Criminal profiling (uses/abuses)
Criminal profiling (uses/abuses)
Jury selection (science of)
Jury selection (science of)
Civil disobedience (history)
Civil disobedience (history)
Critical criminology
Critical criminology
Governmentality
Governmentality
Nietzsche, Friedrich (genealogy of morals; beyond good and evil)
Nietzsche, Friedrich (genealogy of morals; beyond good and evil)
Competency to stand trial
Competency to stand trial
Evidence
Evidence
Plain View Doctrine
Plain View Doctrine
Prosecutorial Discretion
Prosecutorial Discretion
Cyber-stalking
Cyber-stalking
D.A.R.E.
D.A.R.E.
Elder abuse
Elder abuse
Internet child pornography
Internet child pornography
Atkins vs. Virginia (2002)
Atkins vs. Virginia (2002)
Brutalization hypothesis
Brutalization hypothesis
Media and crime
Media and crime
Twitter/Facebook communications between police and citizens
Twitter/Facebook communications between police and citizens
Research Ethics and Criminal Justice
Research Ethics and Criminal Justice
Drug legalization (marijuana)
Drug legalization (marijuana)
Televised executions
Televised executions
Closed-Circuit Television (CCTV)
Closed-Circuit Television (CCTV)
Juvenile Gangs & Delinquency
Juvenile Gangs & Delinquency
Institutional Review Board
Institutional Review Board
Psychological tests in the courtroom (uses/abuses)
Psychological tests in the courtroom (uses/abuses)
Corporate Crime
Corporate Crime
Miller v. Alabama, 567 U.S. ____(2012)
Miller v. Alabama, 567 U.S. ____(2012)
War crimes
War crimes
Juvenile Sentencing
Juvenile Sentencing
Hobbes, Thomas (state of nature; social contract theory)
Hobbes, Thomas (state of nature; social contract theory)
Human rights
Human rights
Green criminology
Green criminology
War on drugs
War on drugs
Cruel and Unusual Punishment (prohibitions against)
Cruel and Unusual Punishment (prohibitions against)
Flag burning
Flag burning
Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission (2010)
Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission (2010)
Habeas corpus
Habeas corpus
Lawrence v. Texas (2003)
Lawrence v. Texas (2003)
Demonology (trial by battle/ordeal)
Demonology (trial by battle/ordeal)
Double Jeopardy
Double Jeopardy
Plato (philosopher king; tri-partite soul)
Plato (philosopher king; tri-partite soul)
Socrates (the examined life; involuntary nature of evil)
Socrates (the examined life; involuntary nature of evil)
Therapeutic Jurisprudence
Therapeutic Jurisprudence
Media in the courtroom
Media in the courtroom
Deception (uses/misuses/abuses)
Deception (uses/misuses/abuses)
Police profiling
Police profiling
Specialized court (substance abuse)
Specialized court (substance abuse)
Violence against girls/women
Violence against girls/women
Exclusionary Rule
Exclusionary Rule
Juveniles in Adult Courts
Juveniles in Adult Courts
Waiver/transfer to adult court
Waiver/transfer to adult court
Date Rape
Date Rape
Rationalizing police deviance (forms of and explanations for)
Rationalizing police deviance (forms of and explanations for)
Bentham, Jeremy (pleasure/pain and quantitative utilitarianism)
Bentham, Jeremy (pleasure/pain and quantitative utilitarianism)
Sex trafficking (internationally)
Sex trafficking (internationally)
Sexually violent (SVP) statutes
Sexually violent (SVP) statutes
Foucault, Michel (discipline & punish)
Foucault, Michel (discipline & punish)
Habermas, Jurgen (discourse ethics and communicative theory)
Habermas, Jurgen (discourse ethics and communicative theory)
Vigilantism
Vigilantism
Seductions of Crime
Seductions of Crime
Gun violence
Gun violence
Deleuze, Gilles (e.g., control society, becoming “other,” ethical revolutionary)
Deleuze, Gilles (e.g., control society, becoming “other,” ethical revolutionary)
Lacan, Jacques (e.g., master discourses, “law of the father,” jouissance)
Lacan, Jacques (e.g., master discourses, “law of the father,” jouissance)
International criminal courts
International criminal courts
Human trafficking
Human trafficking
Prostitution
Prostitution
Institutionalization
Institutionalization
Electronic monitoring devices (of offenders prior to trial; of probationers/parolees)
Electronic monitoring devices (of offenders prior to trial; of probationers/parolees)
Boot camps (adult and juvenile)
Boot camps (adult and juvenile)
Mentally ill offenders in jail/prison
Mentally ill offenders in jail/prison
Empathy
Empathy
Insanity Defense (and GBMI verdicts)
Insanity Defense (and GBMI verdicts)
Rand, Ayn (objectivist philosophy)
Rand, Ayn (objectivist philosophy)
Community policing
Community policing
CompStat Program
CompStat Program
Daubert vs. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals (1993)
Daubert vs. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals (1993)
Dream Act
Dream Act
Graham v. Florida, 560 U.S. __ (2010)
Graham v. Florida, 560 U.S. __ (2010)
Kansas vs. Hendricks (1997)
Kansas vs. Hendricks (1997)
Panopticon
Panopticon
Punishment (justifications)
Punishment (justifications)
Apartheid
Apartheid
Crimes against humanity
Crimes against humanity
Science
Science
Offender treatment
Offender treatment
Critical pedagogy (Freire, conscientization)
Critical pedagogy (Freire, conscientization)
Gender, justice, and ethics (e.g., patriarchy)
Gender, justice, and ethics (e.g., patriarchy)
Capital punishment
Capital punishment
Transitional justice
Transitional justice
Communitarianism (and civil society)
Communitarianism (and civil society)
Judicial Discretion
Judicial Discretion
Prison relationships (staff/inmate)
Prison relationships (staff/inmate)
Dirty Harry” Problem
Dirty Harry” Problem
Police corruption (types of and research on)
Police corruption (types of and research on)
911 Commission Report
911 Commission Report
USA PATRIOT Act
USA PATRIOT Act
Miranda Warnings
Miranda Warnings
Stop and Frisk
Stop and Frisk
Prison violence (e.g., riots)
Prison violence (e.g., riots)
Reno vs. ACLU (1997)
Reno vs. ACLU (1997)
Expert testimony
Expert testimony
Prison Industrial Complex (imprisonment binge)
Prison Industrial Complex (imprisonment binge)
Specialized court (domestic violence)
Specialized court (domestic violence)
Kohlberg, Lawrence (moral stages of development)
Kohlberg, Lawrence (moral stages of development)
Genocide
Genocide
United States v. Jones, (2012) (GPS and policing)
United States v. Jones, (2012) (GPS and policing)
Heidegger, Martin (being & time, care structure)
Heidegger, Martin (being & time, care structure)
Levinas, Emmanuel (otherwise than being; totality and infinity)
Levinas, Emmanuel (otherwise than being; totality and infinity)
Sartre, Jean-Paul (existentialism; bad faith)
Sartre, Jean-Paul (existentialism; bad faith)
Prison gangs
Prison gangs
Supermax” Prisons
Supermax” Prisons
Religious Convictions
Religious Convictions
Elite deviance
Elite deviance
Police value system
Police value system
Work stress and occupational burn-out (policing/corrections)
Work stress and occupational burn-out (policing/corrections)
Early Release
Early Release
Shotspotter Technology
Shotspotter Technology
Hurricane Katrina
Hurricane Katrina
Altruism
Altruism
Conscience (as internal sanction)
Conscience (as internal sanction)
Distributive justice
Distributive justice
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (criminal justice applications)
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (criminal justice applications)
Harm Principle
Harm Principle
Ideology
Ideology
Specialized court (mental health)
Specialized court (mental health)
Suicide in jail/prison (adult/juvenile)
Suicide in jail/prison (adult/juvenile)
TASERS, pepper spray, and other “non-lethal” weapons
TASERS, pepper spray, and other “non-lethal” weapons
Rawls, John (a theory of justice; liberty and difference principles)
Rawls, John (a theory of justice; liberty and difference principles)
Just deserts
Just deserts
Mandatory sentencing laws
Mandatory sentencing laws
Preventive Detention
Preventive Detention
Immigration law and policy
Immigration law and policy
Vagrancy and the homeless
Vagrancy and the homeless
Contemporary ethical relativism
Contemporary ethical relativism
Decriminalization
Decriminalization
Discretion
Discretion
Intensive parole/probation supervision
Intensive parole/probation supervision
Noddings, Nel/Gilligan, Carol (care ethics, gender and moral development)
Noddings, Nel/Gilligan, Carol (care ethics, gender and moral development)
Rich Get Richer and the Poor Get Prison, The
Rich Get Richer and the Poor Get Prison, The
Selective incapacitation
Selective incapacitation
Free will
Free will
Castration of sex offenders (disablement)
Castration of sex offenders (disablement)
Aristotle (virtue ethics)
Aristotle (virtue ethics)
Neighborhood Watch
Neighborhood Watch
Victim impact statements (use/misuse/abuse)
Victim impact statements (use/misuse/abuse)
Victim-offender mediation and reconciliation programs
Victim-offender mediation and reconciliation programs
Zero Tolerance Policing
Zero Tolerance Policing
Attorneys
Attorneys
Dignity
Dignity
Sexually violent predators laws (institutional and community monitoring)
Sexually violent predators laws (institutional and community monitoring)
Alternative dispute resolution
Alternative dispute resolution
Legitimacy
Legitimacy
Newsmaking criminology
Newsmaking criminology
Reasonableness
Reasonableness
Texting-while-driving laws
Texting-while-driving laws
Thermal Imaging
Thermal Imaging
Warrants
Warrants
Custodial use of force polices
Custodial use of force polices
Legal guilt
Legal guilt
Proportionality (in law)
Proportionality (in law)
Abu Ghraib prison
Abu Ghraib prison
Deceptive Interrogation
Deceptive Interrogation
Innocence projects
Innocence projects
State/political violence
State/political violence
Cyber-pornography
Cyber-pornography
Police Hostage Negotiations
Police Hostage Negotiations
Gangs (as subcultures)
Gangs (as subcultures)
Prison abolition
Prison abolition
Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences (code of ethics)
Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences (code of ethics)
Blue wall of silence
Blue wall of silence
Sandel, Michael (limits of justice)
Sandel, Michael (limits of justice)
Civil Commitment
Civil Commitment
Rotten apple” phenomenon (predispositions, authoritarianism)
Rotten apple” phenomenon (predispositions, authoritarianism)
Truth-in-sentencing statutes
Truth-in-sentencing statutes
Race, justice, and ethics (e.g., racial hoaxes)
Race, justice, and ethics (e.g., racial hoaxes)
Problem-Oriented Policing
Problem-Oriented Policing
Surveillance policing (crime mapping, GIS, GPS Monitoring & Location Based Data)
Surveillance policing (crime mapping, GIS, GPS Monitoring & Location Based Data)
Surveillance policing (video and audio surveillance)
Surveillance policing (video and audio surveillance)
Smith vs. Doe (2003)
Smith vs. Doe (2003)
Drones, Flying (police use of)
Drones, Flying (police use of)
Ethnocentrism
Ethnocentrism
Mala in se and Mala prohibitum
Mala in se and Mala prohibitum
Bail
Bail
Codes of Conduct, Police (International/Federal/State)
Codes of Conduct, Police (International/Federal/State)
Rehabilitation (theory/practice)
Rehabilitation (theory/practice)
Determinate and indeterminate sentencing
Determinate and indeterminate sentencing
Deterrence (theory/practice)
Deterrence (theory/practice)
Sentencing Disparities (ethnic & socioeconomic)
Sentencing Disparities (ethnic & socioeconomic)
Forensic Science, Ethics in
Forensic Science, Ethics in
Social Media (as evidence)
Social Media (as evidence)
Ethical absolutism (definition, CJ applications)
Ethical absolutism (definition, CJ applications)
Ethical pragmatism (definition, CJ applications)
Ethical pragmatism (definition, CJ applications)
Marx, Karl (biology, social evolution, and crime’s elimination)
Marx, Karl (biology, social evolution, and crime’s elimination)
Prisoners’ dilemma”
Prisoners’ dilemma”
Prison overcrowding
Prison overcrowding
Wrongful imprisonment (and detention)
Wrongful imprisonment (and detention)
Drug Enforcement
Drug Enforcement
Battered women’s syndrome (and defense)
Battered women’s syndrome (and defense)
Cultural criminology
Cultural criminology
Florida v. Powell, 559 U.S. ____ (2010)
Florida v. Powell, 559 U.S. ____ (2010)
United States vs. Tobias (1981)
United States vs. Tobias (1981)
Virginia vs. Black (2003)
Virginia vs. Black (2003)
Wisconsin vs. Mitchell (1993)
Wisconsin vs. Mitchell (1993)
Mill, John Stuart (degrees of goodness and qualitative utilitarianism)
Mill, John Stuart (degrees of goodness and qualitative utilitarianism)
Competency restoration and state execution
Competency restoration and state execution
Involuntary outpatient commitment
Involuntary outpatient commitment
Judicial misconduct (process for senior judges to review and discipline lower court or junior judges
Judicial misconduct (process for senior judges to review and discipline lower court or junior judges
Abortion
Abortion
Amnesty International
Amnesty International
Petit apartheid
Petit apartheid
Shaming Penalties
Shaming Penalties
Cyber-terrorism
Cyber-terrorism
Criminal responsibility
Criminal responsibility
Social control (forms of; theory/practice)
Social control (forms of; theory/practice)
Due Process Rights of Prisoners
Due Process Rights of Prisoners
Hegemony
Hegemony
Peace-making and non-violence (theory/practice)
Peace-making and non-violence (theory/practice)
Prison Unions
Prison Unions
Use-of-force policies
Use-of-force policies
Ethical universalism (definition, CJ applications)
Ethical universalism (definition, CJ applications)
Legal moralism
Legal moralism
MacIntyre, Alasdair (after virtue)
MacIntyre, Alasdair (after virtue)
Paternalism
Paternalism
Sustainability, justice, and ethics
Sustainability, justice, and ethics
Values (intrinsic versus instrumental)
Values (intrinsic versus instrumental)
Anti-terrorism and counter-terrorism
Anti-terrorism and counter-terrorism
The Rule of Law
The Rule of Law
Choice and action (actus reus)
Choice and action (actus reus)
Cyber-bullying
Cyber-bullying
Clemency
Clemency
Ethical minimalism (definition, CJ applications)
Ethical minimalism (definition, CJ applications)
Ethical objectivism (definition, CJ applications)
Ethical objectivism (definition, CJ applications)
Digital evidence and crime scene investigation
Digital evidence and crime scene investigation
Crime (definitions of)
Crime (definitions of)
Suicide by cop
Suicide by cop
New Jim Crow, The
New Jim Crow, The
Prison corruption (e.g., underground economy)
Prison corruption (e.g., underground economy)
Digital crime and security (e.g., identity theft, computer crimes)
Digital crime and security (e.g., identity theft, computer crimes)
Identity
Identity
Hate speech and civil rights
Hate speech and civil rights
Pornography
Pornography
Justifications in law (e.g., necessity/self defense)
Justifications in law (e.g., necessity/self defense)
Excuses in law (e.g., age, mental disability)
Excuses in law (e.g., age, mental disability)
Sports and crime (e.g., the Sandusky trial and Penn State scandal)
Sports and crime (e.g., the Sandusky trial and Penn State scandal)
Judicial corruption
Judicial corruption
Rights (under the law)
Rights (under the law)
Natural law (definition, CJ applications)
Natural law (definition, CJ applications)
Reification
Reification
DUI Penalties
DUI Penalties
White-collar crime (not corporate)
White-collar crime (not corporate)
Vice (definitions /forms of)
Vice (definitions /forms of)
Animal rights, welfare, and abuse
Animal rights, welfare, and abuse
High-profile cases (the ethics of “justice for sale”)
High-profile cases (the ethics of “justice for sale”)
Divine Command Theory
Divine Command Theory
Duress (and coercion)
Duress (and coercion)
Class, justice, and ethics (e.g., scarcity, stratification and inequality)
Class, justice, and ethics (e.g., scarcity, stratification and inequality)
Hedonism (definition, CJ applications)
Hedonism (definition, CJ applications)
Predictive Policing
Predictive Policing
Egoism and self-interest (ethical)
Egoism and self-interest (ethical)
Harms of reduction/repression
Harms of reduction/repression
Wire Tapping
Wire Tapping
U.S. v. Mitchell, 652 F.3d 387 (3d Cir. 2011)
U.S. v. Mitchell, 652 F.3d 387 (3d Cir. 2011)
Commensense Justice
Commensense Justice
Determinism (internal/external, CJ applications)
Determinism (internal/external, CJ applications)
Intellectual Property Rights
Intellectual Property Rights
Positive law (definition, CJ applications)
Positive law (definition, CJ applications)
Ross, William David (prima facie duties)
Ross, William David (prima facie duties)
Discrimination
Discrimination
Mechanical and physical restraints
Mechanical and physical restraints
Psychological Jurisprudence (theory/method/practice)
Psychological Jurisprudence (theory/method/practice)
Causality
Causality
Culture
Culture
Citizenship
Citizenship
Globalization
Globalization
Right to treatment/Right to refuse treatment
Right to treatment/Right to refuse treatment
Victim impact statements, rights, and restitution
Victim impact statements, rights, and restitution
Police Robots
Police Robots
Politics
Politics
Victims’ Bill of Rights (and assistance programs)
Victims’ Bill of Rights (and assistance programs)
Ethics and Military Courts
Ethics and Military Courts
Entrapment
Entrapment
Child abuse (and neglect)
Child abuse (and neglect)
Intention (phenomenology, mens rea)
Intention (phenomenology, mens rea)
Violence risk assessment
Violence risk assessment
Power
Power
Hypnosis and recovered memory testimony
Hypnosis and recovered memory testimony
Undercover operations
Undercover operations
Conscientious objection (to police/correctional practices)
Conscientious objection (to police/correctional practices)
Risk society politics
Risk society politics
Authority (institutional, corruption of)
Authority (institutional, corruption of)
Arrest Practices
Arrest Practices
Polygraphs
Polygraphs
Volition
Volition
Biometrics & Identification
Biometrics & Identification
Wireless Networking
Wireless Networking
Pariah underground economy
Pariah underground economy
Post-colonialism
Post-colonialism
Codes of Conduct, Legal (International/Federal/State)
Codes of Conduct, Legal (International/Federal/State)
Computer Matching Technology
Computer Matching Technology
Simulated Justice (e.g., telemetric policing)
Simulated Justice (e.g., telemetric policing)
Codes of Conduct, Corrections (International/Federal/State)
Codes of Conduct, Corrections (International/Federal/State)
Internal Review Practices
Internal Review Practices
Malfeasance, nonfeasance, misfeasance
Malfeasance, nonfeasance, misfeasance
Institutional morality
Institutional morality
Radio Frequency Identification Technology (applications)
Radio Frequency Identification Technology (applications)
Wireless Communications
Wireless Communications
Corporate violence (e.g., health and pharmaceutical industries)
Corporate violence (e.g., health and pharmaceutical industries)
Ultramodern criminology (philosophy of)
Ultramodern criminology (philosophy of)
Gambling
Gambling
Critical incidents de-briefing
Critical incidents de-briefing
Convict Criminology and Convict Higher Education
Convict Criminology and Convict Higher Education
Walzer, Michael (spheres of justice; just and unjust wars; thick and thin)
Walzer, Michael (spheres of justice; just and unjust wars; thick and thin)
Community
Community
American Civil Liberties Union
American Civil Liberties Union
DNA lab accountability
DNA lab accountability
Eyewitness testimony
Eyewitness testimony
Police-citizen interaction (as trust, as suspicion)
Police-citizen interaction (as trust, as suspicion)
Torture
Torture
Maximum Security Forensic Hospitals
Maximum Security Forensic Hospitals
Collateral Consequences: Felony Conviction
Collateral Consequences: Felony Conviction
Choice and action (actus reus)
Choice and action (actus reus)
Merleau-Ponty, Maurice (relational ethics; embodied care)
Merleau-Ponty, Maurice (relational ethics; embodied care)
Knowledge
Knowledge
Sodomy laws
Sodomy laws
Education, continuing legal
Education, continuing legal
Law versus morality
Law versus morality
Deviance
Deviance
Retribution (theory/practice)
Retribution (theory/practice)
Virtue (definition/forms of)
Virtue (definition/forms of)
Parens patriae
Parens patriae
Incapacitation (theory/practice)
Incapacitation (theory/practice)
Public Policy
Public Policy
Synopticon
Synopticon
Egoism and self-interest (psychological)
Egoism and self-interest (psychological)
Offensive conduct
Offensive conduct
Guilt (as internal sanction)
Guilt (as internal sanction)
Duties (types of)
Duties (types of)
Collective efficacy and crime
Collective efficacy and crime
Imprisonment disparities (race and class dynamics)
Imprisonment disparities (race and class dynamics)
Convict criminology
Convict criminology
Sting Operations
Sting Operations
Description
Federal, state, county, and municipal police forces all have their own codes of conduct, yet the ethics of being a police officer remain perplexing and are often difficult to apply in dynamic situations. The police misconduct statistics are staggering and indicate that excessive use of force comprises almost a quarter of misconduct cases, with sexual harassment, fraud/theft, and false arrest being the next most prevalent factors. The ethical issues and dilemmas in criminal justice also reach deep into the legal professions, the structure and administration of justice in society, and the personal characteristics of those in the criminal justice professions.
The Encyclopedia of Criminal Justice Ethics includes A to Z entries by experts in the field that explore the scope of ethical decision making and behaviors within the spheres of criminal justice systems, including policing, corrections, courts, forensic science, and policy analysis and research. This two-volume set is available in both print and electronic formats.
Features:
- Entries are authored and signed by experts in the field and conclude with references and further readings, as well as cross references to related entries that guide readers to the next steps in their research journeys.
- A Reader's Guide groups related entries by broad topic areas and themes, making it easy for readers to quickly identify related entries.
- A Chronology highlights the development of the field and places material into historical context; a Glossary defines key terms from the fields of law and ethics; and a Resource Guide provides lists of classic books, academic journals, websites and associations focused on criminal justice ethics.
- Reports and statistics from such sources as the FBI, the United Nations, and the International Criminal Court are included in an appendix.
- In the electronic version, the Reader's Guide, index, and cross references combine to provide effective search-and-browse capabilities.
The Encyclopedia of Criminal Justice Ethics provides a general, non-technical yet comprehensive resource for students who wish to understand the complexities of criminal justice ethics.
Key Themes:
- History of Criminal Justice Ethics
- General Criminal Justice Ethics
- Police Ethics
- Legal Ethics
- Correctional Ethics
- Criminal Justice Cases and Controversies
- Technology, Crime, and Ethics
- Ethics and Critical Criminology
Contents
Criminal informants
Criminal informants
Plea bargaining
Plea bargaining
Prison labor
Prison labor
Criminal Justice Ethics (journal and history of)
Criminal Justice Ethics (journal and history of)
Noble cause corruption
Noble cause corruption
Border patrol
Border patrol
Restorative Justice (theory/practice)
Restorative Justice (theory/practice)
Public Shootings (in schools, at theaters, by municipal buildings)
Public Shootings (in schools, at theaters, by municipal buildings)
Prisoner rights
Prisoner rights
Neuroscience and the criminal law
Neuroscience and the criminal law
LGBTQ communities and hate crimes
LGBTQ communities and hate crimes
Same sex marriage, civil unions, domestic partnerships, and Defense of Marriage Act
Same sex marriage, civil unions, domestic partnerships, and Defense of Marriage Act
Women in prison (mother/child separation and policy)
Women in prison (mother/child separation and policy)
Death Row
Death Row
Roper vs. Simmons (2005)
Roper vs. Simmons (2005)
Three-strikes laws (i.e., habitual felon laws)
Three-strikes laws (i.e., habitual felon laws)
Jury ethics (duties/rights)
Jury ethics (duties/rights)
Jury nullification
Jury nullification
Sex Offender Registry
Sex Offender Registry
Confessions, Coerced
Confessions, Coerced
Private prisons
Private prisons
Prosecutorial Misconduct
Prosecutorial Misconduct
Accountability
Accountability
Forgiveness
Forgiveness
Sex offenders in jails/prisons
Sex offenders in jails/prisons
Beccaria, Cesare (on crimes and punishment)
Beccaria, Cesare (on crimes and punishment)
Kant, Immanuel (deontology and self-legislation)
Kant, Immanuel (deontology and self-legislation)
Prison sexuality
Prison sexuality
Solitary Confinement
Solitary Confinement
Juvenile Detention Facilities
Juvenile Detention Facilities
Juveniles in adult jails
Juveniles in adult jails
Age of criminal responsibility
Age of criminal responsibility
Sexting (laws and crimes)
Sexting (laws and crimes)
Euthanasia
Euthanasia
At-Risk Youth
At-Risk Youth
Social Justice
Social Justice
Criminal profiling (uses/abuses)
Criminal profiling (uses/abuses)
Jury selection (science of)
Jury selection (science of)
Civil disobedience (history)
Civil disobedience (history)
Critical criminology
Critical criminology
Governmentality
Governmentality
Nietzsche, Friedrich (genealogy of morals; beyond good and evil)
Nietzsche, Friedrich (genealogy of morals; beyond good and evil)
Competency to stand trial
Competency to stand trial
Evidence
Evidence
Plain View Doctrine
Plain View Doctrine
Prosecutorial Discretion
Prosecutorial Discretion
Cyber-stalking
Cyber-stalking
D.A.R.E.
D.A.R.E.
Elder abuse
Elder abuse
Internet child pornography
Internet child pornography
Atkins vs. Virginia (2002)
Atkins vs. Virginia (2002)
Brutalization hypothesis
Brutalization hypothesis
Media and crime
Media and crime
Twitter/Facebook communications between police and citizens
Twitter/Facebook communications between police and citizens
Research Ethics and Criminal Justice
Research Ethics and Criminal Justice
Drug legalization (marijuana)
Drug legalization (marijuana)
Televised executions
Televised executions
Closed-Circuit Television (CCTV)
Closed-Circuit Television (CCTV)
Juvenile Gangs & Delinquency
Juvenile Gangs & Delinquency
Institutional Review Board
Institutional Review Board
Psychological tests in the courtroom (uses/abuses)
Psychological tests in the courtroom (uses/abuses)
Corporate Crime
Corporate Crime
Miller v. Alabama, 567 U.S. ____(2012)
Miller v. Alabama, 567 U.S. ____(2012)
War crimes
War crimes
Juvenile Sentencing
Juvenile Sentencing
Hobbes, Thomas (state of nature; social contract theory)
Hobbes, Thomas (state of nature; social contract theory)
Human rights
Human rights
Green criminology
Green criminology
War on drugs
War on drugs
Cruel and Unusual Punishment (prohibitions against)
Cruel and Unusual Punishment (prohibitions against)
Flag burning
Flag burning
Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission (2010)
Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission (2010)
Habeas corpus
Habeas corpus
Lawrence v. Texas (2003)
Lawrence v. Texas (2003)
Demonology (trial by battle/ordeal)
Demonology (trial by battle/ordeal)
Double Jeopardy
Double Jeopardy
Plato (philosopher king; tri-partite soul)
Plato (philosopher king; tri-partite soul)
Socrates (the examined life; involuntary nature of evil)
Socrates (the examined life; involuntary nature of evil)
Therapeutic Jurisprudence
Therapeutic Jurisprudence
Media in the courtroom
Media in the courtroom
Deception (uses/misuses/abuses)
Deception (uses/misuses/abuses)
Police profiling
Police profiling
Specialized court (substance abuse)
Specialized court (substance abuse)
Violence against girls/women
Violence against girls/women
Exclusionary Rule
Exclusionary Rule
Juveniles in Adult Courts
Juveniles in Adult Courts
Waiver/transfer to adult court
Waiver/transfer to adult court
Date Rape
Date Rape
Rationalizing police deviance (forms of and explanations for)
Rationalizing police deviance (forms of and explanations for)
Bentham, Jeremy (pleasure/pain and quantitative utilitarianism)
Bentham, Jeremy (pleasure/pain and quantitative utilitarianism)
Sex trafficking (internationally)
Sex trafficking (internationally)
Sexually violent (SVP) statutes
Sexually violent (SVP) statutes
Foucault, Michel (discipline & punish)
Foucault, Michel (discipline & punish)
Habermas, Jurgen (discourse ethics and communicative theory)
Habermas, Jurgen (discourse ethics and communicative theory)
Vigilantism
Vigilantism
Seductions of Crime
Seductions of Crime
Gun violence
Gun violence
Deleuze, Gilles (e.g., control society, becoming “other,” ethical revolutionary)
Deleuze, Gilles (e.g., control society, becoming “other,” ethical revolutionary)
Lacan, Jacques (e.g., master discourses, “law of the father,” jouissance)
Lacan, Jacques (e.g., master discourses, “law of the father,” jouissance)
International criminal courts
International criminal courts
Human trafficking
Human trafficking
Prostitution
Prostitution
Institutionalization
Institutionalization
Electronic monitoring devices (of offenders prior to trial; of probationers/parolees)
Electronic monitoring devices (of offenders prior to trial; of probationers/parolees)
Boot camps (adult and juvenile)
Boot camps (adult and juvenile)
Mentally ill offenders in jail/prison
Mentally ill offenders in jail/prison
Empathy
Empathy
Insanity Defense (and GBMI verdicts)
Insanity Defense (and GBMI verdicts)
Rand, Ayn (objectivist philosophy)
Rand, Ayn (objectivist philosophy)
Community policing
Community policing
CompStat Program
CompStat Program
Daubert vs. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals (1993)
Daubert vs. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals (1993)
Dream Act
Dream Act
Graham v. Florida, 560 U.S. __ (2010)
Graham v. Florida, 560 U.S. __ (2010)
Kansas vs. Hendricks (1997)
Kansas vs. Hendricks (1997)
Panopticon
Panopticon
Punishment (justifications)
Punishment (justifications)
Apartheid
Apartheid
Crimes against humanity
Crimes against humanity
Science
Science
Offender treatment
Offender treatment
Critical pedagogy (Freire, conscientization)
Critical pedagogy (Freire, conscientization)
Gender, justice, and ethics (e.g., patriarchy)
Gender, justice, and ethics (e.g., patriarchy)
Capital punishment
Capital punishment
Transitional justice
Transitional justice
Communitarianism (and civil society)
Communitarianism (and civil society)
Judicial Discretion
Judicial Discretion
Prison relationships (staff/inmate)
Prison relationships (staff/inmate)
Dirty Harry” Problem
Dirty Harry” Problem
Police corruption (types of and research on)
Police corruption (types of and research on)
911 Commission Report
911 Commission Report
USA PATRIOT Act
USA PATRIOT Act
Miranda Warnings
Miranda Warnings
Stop and Frisk
Stop and Frisk
Prison violence (e.g., riots)
Prison violence (e.g., riots)
Reno vs. ACLU (1997)
Reno vs. ACLU (1997)
Expert testimony
Expert testimony
Prison Industrial Complex (imprisonment binge)
Prison Industrial Complex (imprisonment binge)
Specialized court (domestic violence)
Specialized court (domestic violence)
Kohlberg, Lawrence (moral stages of development)
Kohlberg, Lawrence (moral stages of development)
Genocide
Genocide
United States v. Jones, (2012) (GPS and policing)
United States v. Jones, (2012) (GPS and policing)
Heidegger, Martin (being & time, care structure)
Heidegger, Martin (being & time, care structure)
Levinas, Emmanuel (otherwise than being; totality and infinity)
Levinas, Emmanuel (otherwise than being; totality and infinity)
Sartre, Jean-Paul (existentialism; bad faith)
Sartre, Jean-Paul (existentialism; bad faith)
Prison gangs
Prison gangs
Supermax” Prisons
Supermax” Prisons
Religious Convictions
Religious Convictions
Elite deviance
Elite deviance
Police value system
Police value system
Work stress and occupational burn-out (policing/corrections)
Work stress and occupational burn-out (policing/corrections)
Early Release
Early Release
Shotspotter Technology
Shotspotter Technology
Hurricane Katrina
Hurricane Katrina
Altruism
Altruism
Conscience (as internal sanction)
Conscience (as internal sanction)
Distributive justice
Distributive justice
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (criminal justice applications)
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (criminal justice applications)
Harm Principle
Harm Principle
Ideology
Ideology
Specialized court (mental health)
Specialized court (mental health)
Suicide in jail/prison (adult/juvenile)
Suicide in jail/prison (adult/juvenile)
TASERS, pepper spray, and other “non-lethal” weapons
TASERS, pepper spray, and other “non-lethal” weapons
Rawls, John (a theory of justice; liberty and difference principles)
Rawls, John (a theory of justice; liberty and difference principles)
Just deserts
Just deserts
Mandatory sentencing laws
Mandatory sentencing laws
Preventive Detention
Preventive Detention
Immigration law and policy
Immigration law and policy
Vagrancy and the homeless
Vagrancy and the homeless
Contemporary ethical relativism
Contemporary ethical relativism
Decriminalization
Decriminalization
Discretion
Discretion
Intensive parole/probation supervision
Intensive parole/probation supervision
Noddings, Nel/Gilligan, Carol (care ethics, gender and moral development)
Noddings, Nel/Gilligan, Carol (care ethics, gender and moral development)
Rich Get Richer and the Poor Get Prison, The
Rich Get Richer and the Poor Get Prison, The
Selective incapacitation
Selective incapacitation
Free will
Free will
Castration of sex offenders (disablement)
Castration of sex offenders (disablement)
Aristotle (virtue ethics)
Aristotle (virtue ethics)
Neighborhood Watch
Neighborhood Watch
Victim impact statements (use/misuse/abuse)
Victim impact statements (use/misuse/abuse)
Victim-offender mediation and reconciliation programs
Victim-offender mediation and reconciliation programs
Zero Tolerance Policing
Zero Tolerance Policing
Attorneys
Attorneys
Dignity
Dignity
Sexually violent predators laws (institutional and community monitoring)
Sexually violent predators laws (institutional and community monitoring)
Alternative dispute resolution
Alternative dispute resolution
Legitimacy
Legitimacy
Newsmaking criminology
Newsmaking criminology
Reasonableness
Reasonableness
Texting-while-driving laws
Texting-while-driving laws
Thermal Imaging
Thermal Imaging
Warrants
Warrants
Custodial use of force polices
Custodial use of force polices
Legal guilt
Legal guilt
Proportionality (in law)
Proportionality (in law)
Abu Ghraib prison
Abu Ghraib prison
Deceptive Interrogation
Deceptive Interrogation
Innocence projects
Innocence projects
State/political violence
State/political violence
Cyber-pornography
Cyber-pornography
Police Hostage Negotiations
Police Hostage Negotiations
Gangs (as subcultures)
Gangs (as subcultures)
Prison abolition
Prison abolition
Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences (code of ethics)
Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences (code of ethics)
Blue wall of silence
Blue wall of silence
Sandel, Michael (limits of justice)
Sandel, Michael (limits of justice)
Civil Commitment
Civil Commitment
Rotten apple” phenomenon (predispositions, authoritarianism)
Rotten apple” phenomenon (predispositions, authoritarianism)
Truth-in-sentencing statutes
Truth-in-sentencing statutes
Race, justice, and ethics (e.g., racial hoaxes)
Race, justice, and ethics (e.g., racial hoaxes)
Problem-Oriented Policing
Problem-Oriented Policing
Surveillance policing (crime mapping, GIS, GPS Monitoring & Location Based Data)
Surveillance policing (crime mapping, GIS, GPS Monitoring & Location Based Data)
Surveillance policing (video and audio surveillance)
Surveillance policing (video and audio surveillance)
Smith vs. Doe (2003)
Smith vs. Doe (2003)
Drones, Flying (police use of)
Drones, Flying (police use of)
Ethnocentrism
Ethnocentrism
Mala in se and Mala prohibitum
Mala in se and Mala prohibitum
Bail
Bail
Codes of Conduct, Police (International/Federal/State)
Codes of Conduct, Police (International/Federal/State)
Rehabilitation (theory/practice)
Rehabilitation (theory/practice)
Determinate and indeterminate sentencing
Determinate and indeterminate sentencing
Deterrence (theory/practice)
Deterrence (theory/practice)
Sentencing Disparities (ethnic & socioeconomic)
Sentencing Disparities (ethnic & socioeconomic)
Forensic Science, Ethics in
Forensic Science, Ethics in
Social Media (as evidence)
Social Media (as evidence)
Ethical absolutism (definition, CJ applications)
Ethical absolutism (definition, CJ applications)
Ethical pragmatism (definition, CJ applications)
Ethical pragmatism (definition, CJ applications)
Marx, Karl (biology, social evolution, and crime’s elimination)
Marx, Karl (biology, social evolution, and crime’s elimination)
Prisoners’ dilemma”
Prisoners’ dilemma”
Prison overcrowding
Prison overcrowding
Wrongful imprisonment (and detention)
Wrongful imprisonment (and detention)
Drug Enforcement
Drug Enforcement
Battered women’s syndrome (and defense)
Battered women’s syndrome (and defense)
Cultural criminology
Cultural criminology
Florida v. Powell, 559 U.S. ____ (2010)
Florida v. Powell, 559 U.S. ____ (2010)
United States vs. Tobias (1981)
United States vs. Tobias (1981)
Virginia vs. Black (2003)
Virginia vs. Black (2003)
Wisconsin vs. Mitchell (1993)
Wisconsin vs. Mitchell (1993)
Mill, John Stuart (degrees of goodness and qualitative utilitarianism)
Mill, John Stuart (degrees of goodness and qualitative utilitarianism)
Competency restoration and state execution
Competency restoration and state execution
Involuntary outpatient commitment
Involuntary outpatient commitment
Judicial misconduct (process for senior judges to review and discipline lower court or junior judges
Judicial misconduct (process for senior judges to review and discipline lower court or junior judges
Abortion
Abortion
Amnesty International
Amnesty International
Petit apartheid
Petit apartheid
Shaming Penalties
Shaming Penalties
Cyber-terrorism
Cyber-terrorism
Criminal responsibility
Criminal responsibility
Social control (forms of; theory/practice)
Social control (forms of; theory/practice)
Due Process Rights of Prisoners
Due Process Rights of Prisoners
Hegemony
Hegemony
Peace-making and non-violence (theory/practice)
Peace-making and non-violence (theory/practice)
Prison Unions
Prison Unions
Use-of-force policies
Use-of-force policies
Ethical universalism (definition, CJ applications)
Ethical universalism (definition, CJ applications)
Legal moralism
Legal moralism
MacIntyre, Alasdair (after virtue)
MacIntyre, Alasdair (after virtue)
Paternalism
Paternalism
Sustainability, justice, and ethics
Sustainability, justice, and ethics
Values (intrinsic versus instrumental)
Values (intrinsic versus instrumental)
Anti-terrorism and counter-terrorism
Anti-terrorism and counter-terrorism
The Rule of Law
The Rule of Law
Choice and action (actus reus)
Choice and action (actus reus)
Cyber-bullying
Cyber-bullying
Clemency
Clemency
Ethical minimalism (definition, CJ applications)
Ethical minimalism (definition, CJ applications)
Ethical objectivism (definition, CJ applications)
Ethical objectivism (definition, CJ applications)
Digital evidence and crime scene investigation
Digital evidence and crime scene investigation
Crime (definitions of)
Crime (definitions of)
Suicide by cop
Suicide by cop
New Jim Crow, The
New Jim Crow, The
Prison corruption (e.g., underground economy)
Prison corruption (e.g., underground economy)
Digital crime and security (e.g., identity theft, computer crimes)
Digital crime and security (e.g., identity theft, computer crimes)
Identity
Identity
Hate speech and civil rights
Hate speech and civil rights
Pornography
Pornography
Justifications in law (e.g., necessity/self defense)
Justifications in law (e.g., necessity/self defense)
Excuses in law (e.g., age, mental disability)
Excuses in law (e.g., age, mental disability)
Sports and crime (e.g., the Sandusky trial and Penn State scandal)
Sports and crime (e.g., the Sandusky trial and Penn State scandal)
Judicial corruption
Judicial corruption
Rights (under the law)
Rights (under the law)
Natural law (definition, CJ applications)
Natural law (definition, CJ applications)
Reification
Reification
DUI Penalties
DUI Penalties
White-collar crime (not corporate)
White-collar crime (not corporate)
Vice (definitions /forms of)
Vice (definitions /forms of)
Animal rights, welfare, and abuse
Animal rights, welfare, and abuse
High-profile cases (the ethics of “justice for sale”)
High-profile cases (the ethics of “justice for sale”)
Divine Command Theory
Divine Command Theory
Duress (and coercion)
Duress (and coercion)
Class, justice, and ethics (e.g., scarcity, stratification and inequality)
Class, justice, and ethics (e.g., scarcity, stratification and inequality)
Hedonism (definition, CJ applications)
Hedonism (definition, CJ applications)
Predictive Policing
Predictive Policing
Egoism and self-interest (ethical)
Egoism and self-interest (ethical)
Harms of reduction/repression
Harms of reduction/repression
Wire Tapping
Wire Tapping
U.S. v. Mitchell, 652 F.3d 387 (3d Cir. 2011)
U.S. v. Mitchell, 652 F.3d 387 (3d Cir. 2011)
Commensense Justice
Commensense Justice
Determinism (internal/external, CJ applications)
Determinism (internal/external, CJ applications)
Intellectual Property Rights
Intellectual Property Rights
Positive law (definition, CJ applications)
Positive law (definition, CJ applications)
Ross, William David (prima facie duties)
Ross, William David (prima facie duties)
Discrimination
Discrimination
Mechanical and physical restraints
Mechanical and physical restraints
Psychological Jurisprudence (theory/method/practice)
Psychological Jurisprudence (theory/method/practice)
Causality
Causality
Culture
Culture
Citizenship
Citizenship
Globalization
Globalization
Right to treatment/Right to refuse treatment
Right to treatment/Right to refuse treatment
Victim impact statements, rights, and restitution
Victim impact statements, rights, and restitution
Police Robots
Police Robots
Politics
Politics
Victims’ Bill of Rights (and assistance programs)
Victims’ Bill of Rights (and assistance programs)
Ethics and Military Courts
Ethics and Military Courts
Entrapment
Entrapment
Child abuse (and neglect)
Child abuse (and neglect)
Intention (phenomenology, mens rea)
Intention (phenomenology, mens rea)
Violence risk assessment
Violence risk assessment
Power
Power
Hypnosis and recovered memory testimony
Hypnosis and recovered memory testimony
Undercover operations
Undercover operations
Conscientious objection (to police/correctional practices)
Conscientious objection (to police/correctional practices)
Risk society politics
Risk society politics
Authority (institutional, corruption of)
Authority (institutional, corruption of)
Arrest Practices
Arrest Practices
Polygraphs
Polygraphs
Volition
Volition
Biometrics & Identification
Biometrics & Identification
Wireless Networking
Wireless Networking
Pariah underground economy
Pariah underground economy
Post-colonialism
Post-colonialism
Codes of Conduct, Legal (International/Federal/State)
Codes of Conduct, Legal (International/Federal/State)
Computer Matching Technology
Computer Matching Technology
Simulated Justice (e.g., telemetric policing)
Simulated Justice (e.g., telemetric policing)
Codes of Conduct, Corrections (International/Federal/State)
Codes of Conduct, Corrections (International/Federal/State)
Internal Review Practices
Internal Review Practices
Malfeasance, nonfeasance, misfeasance
Malfeasance, nonfeasance, misfeasance
Institutional morality
Institutional morality
Radio Frequency Identification Technology (applications)
Radio Frequency Identification Technology (applications)
Wireless Communications
Wireless Communications
Corporate violence (e.g., health and pharmaceutical industries)
Corporate violence (e.g., health and pharmaceutical industries)
Ultramodern criminology (philosophy of)
Ultramodern criminology (philosophy of)
Gambling
Gambling
Critical incidents de-briefing
Critical incidents de-briefing
Convict Criminology and Convict Higher Education
Convict Criminology and Convict Higher Education
Walzer, Michael (spheres of justice; just and unjust wars; thick and thin)
Walzer, Michael (spheres of justice; just and unjust wars; thick and thin)
Community
Community
American Civil Liberties Union
American Civil Liberties Union
DNA lab accountability
DNA lab accountability
Eyewitness testimony
Eyewitness testimony
Police-citizen interaction (as trust, as suspicion)
Police-citizen interaction (as trust, as suspicion)
Torture
Torture
Maximum Security Forensic Hospitals
Maximum Security Forensic Hospitals
Collateral Consequences: Felony Conviction
Collateral Consequences: Felony Conviction
Choice and action (actus reus)
Choice and action (actus reus)
Merleau-Ponty, Maurice (relational ethics; embodied care)
Merleau-Ponty, Maurice (relational ethics; embodied care)
Knowledge
Knowledge
Sodomy laws
Sodomy laws
Education, continuing legal
Education, continuing legal
Law versus morality
Law versus morality
Deviance
Deviance
Retribution (theory/practice)
Retribution (theory/practice)
Virtue (definition/forms of)
Virtue (definition/forms of)
Parens patriae
Parens patriae
Incapacitation (theory/practice)
Incapacitation (theory/practice)
Public Policy
Public Policy
Synopticon
Synopticon
Egoism and self-interest (psychological)
Egoism and self-interest (psychological)
Offensive conduct
Offensive conduct
Guilt (as internal sanction)
Guilt (as internal sanction)
Duties (types of)
Duties (types of)
Collective efficacy and crime
Collective efficacy and crime
Imprisonment disparities (race and class dynamics)
Imprisonment disparities (race and class dynamics)
Convict criminology
Convict criminology
Sting Operations
Sting Operations
Reviews
August 2014 | 1216 pages | Sage US
| Format | Published Date | ISBN | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hardcover | 11/10/2019 | 9781452274119 | $450.00 |
| Lifetime | 25/10/2022 | 9781483389790 | $360.00 |
| 180 Day Ebook | 25/10/2022 | 9781483389790 | $248.00 |
Federal, state, county, and municipal police forces all have their own codes of conduct, yet the ethics of being a police officer remain perplexing and are often difficult to apply in dynamic situations. The police misconduct statistics are staggering and indicate that excessive use of force comprises almost a quarter of misconduct cases, with sexual harassment, fraud/theft, and false arrest being the next most prevalent factors. The ethical issues and dilemmas in criminal justice also reach deep into the legal professions, the structure and administration of justice in society, and the personal characteristics of those in the criminal justice professions.
The Encyclopedia of Criminal Justice Ethics includes A to Z entries by experts in the field that explore the scope of ethical decision making and behaviors within the spheres of criminal justice systems, including policing, corrections, courts, forensic science, and policy analysis and research. This two-volume set is available in both print and electronic formats.
Features:
- Entries are authored and signed by experts in the field and conclude with references and further readings, as well as cross references to related entries that guide readers to the next steps in their research journeys.
- A Reader's Guide groups related entries by broad topic areas and themes, making it easy for readers to quickly identify related entries.
- A Chronology highlights the development of the field and places material into historical context; a Glossary defines key terms from the fields of law and ethics; and a Resource Guide provides lists of classic books, academic journals, websites and associations focused on criminal justice ethics.
- Reports and statistics from such sources as the FBI, the United Nations, and the International Criminal Court are included in an appendix.
- In the electronic version, the Reader's Guide, index, and cross references combine to provide effective search-and-browse capabilities.
The Encyclopedia of Criminal Justice Ethics provides a general, non-technical yet comprehensive resource for students who wish to understand the complexities of criminal justice ethics.
Key Themes:
- History of Criminal Justice Ethics
- General Criminal Justice Ethics
- Police Ethics
- Legal Ethics
- Correctional Ethics
- Criminal Justice Cases and Controversies
- Technology, Crime, and Ethics
- Ethics and Critical Criminology
Table Of Contents:
- Criminal informants
- Plea bargaining
- Prison labor
- Criminal Justice Ethics (journal and history of)
- Noble cause corruption
- Border patrol
- Restorative Justice (theory/practice)
- Public Shootings (in schools, at theaters, by municipal buildings)
- Prisoner rights
- Neuroscience and the criminal law
- LGBTQ communities and hate crimes
- Same sex marriage, civil unions, domestic partnerships, and Defense of Marriage Act
- Women in prison (mother/child separation and policy)
- Death Row
- Roper vs. Simmons (2005)
- Three-strikes laws (i.e., habitual felon laws)
- Jury ethics (duties/rights)
- Jury nullification
- Sex Offender Registry
- Confessions, Coerced
- Private prisons
- Prosecutorial Misconduct
- Accountability
- Forgiveness
- Sex offenders in jails/prisons
- Beccaria, Cesare (on crimes and punishment)
- Kant, Immanuel (deontology and self-legislation)
- Prison sexuality
- Solitary Confinement
- Juvenile Detention Facilities
- Juveniles in adult jails
- Age of criminal responsibility
- Sexting (laws and crimes)
- Euthanasia
- At-Risk Youth
- Social Justice
- Criminal profiling (uses/abuses)
- Jury selection (science of)
- Civil disobedience (history)
- Critical criminology
- Governmentality
- Nietzsche, Friedrich (genealogy of morals; beyond good and evil)
- Competency to stand trial
- Evidence
- Plain View Doctrine
- Prosecutorial Discretion
- Cyber-stalking
- D.A.R.E.
- Elder abuse
- Internet child pornography
- Atkins vs. Virginia (2002)
- Brutalization hypothesis
- Media and crime
- Twitter/Facebook communications between police and citizens
- Research Ethics and Criminal Justice
- Drug legalization (marijuana)
- Televised executions
- Closed-Circuit Television (CCTV)
- Juvenile Gangs & Delinquency
- Institutional Review Board
- Psychological tests in the courtroom (uses/abuses)
- Corporate Crime
- Miller v. Alabama, 567 U.S. ____(2012)
- War crimes
- Juvenile Sentencing
- Hobbes, Thomas (state of nature; social contract theory)
- Human rights
- Green criminology
- War on drugs
- Cruel and Unusual Punishment (prohibitions against)
- Flag burning
- Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission (2010)
- Habeas corpus
- Lawrence v. Texas (2003)
- Demonology (trial by battle/ordeal)
- Double Jeopardy
- Plato (philosopher king; tri-partite soul)
- Socrates (the examined life; involuntary nature of evil)
- Therapeutic Jurisprudence
- Media in the courtroom
- Deception (uses/misuses/abuses)
- Police profiling
- Specialized court (substance abuse)
- Violence against girls/women
- Exclusionary Rule
- Juveniles in Adult Courts
- Waiver/transfer to adult court
- Date Rape
- Rationalizing police deviance (forms of and explanations for)
- Bentham, Jeremy (pleasure/pain and quantitative utilitarianism)
- Sex trafficking (internationally)
- Sexually violent (SVP) statutes
- Foucault, Michel (discipline & punish)
- Habermas, Jurgen (discourse ethics and communicative theory)
- Vigilantism
- Seductions of Crime
- Gun violence
- Deleuze, Gilles (e.g., control society, becoming “other,” ethical revolutionary)
- Lacan, Jacques (e.g., master discourses, “law of the father,” jouissance)
- International criminal courts
- Human trafficking
- Prostitution
- Institutionalization
- Electronic monitoring devices (of offenders prior to trial; of probationers/parolees)
- Boot camps (adult and juvenile)
- Mentally ill offenders in jail/prison
- Empathy
- Insanity Defense (and GBMI verdicts)
- Rand, Ayn (objectivist philosophy)
- Community policing
- CompStat Program
- Daubert vs. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals (1993)
- Dream Act
- Graham v. Florida, 560 U.S. __ (2010)
- Kansas vs. Hendricks (1997)
- Panopticon
- Punishment (justifications)
- Apartheid
- Crimes against humanity
- Science
- Offender treatment
- Critical pedagogy (Freire, conscientization)
- Gender, justice, and ethics (e.g., patriarchy)
- Capital punishment
- Transitional justice
- Communitarianism (and civil society)
- Judicial Discretion
- Prison relationships (staff/inmate)
- Dirty Harry” Problem
- Police corruption (types of and research on)
- 911 Commission Report
- USA PATRIOT Act
- Miranda Warnings
- Stop and Frisk
- Prison violence (e.g., riots)
- Reno vs. ACLU (1997)
- Expert testimony
- Prison Industrial Complex (imprisonment binge)
- Specialized court (domestic violence)
- Kohlberg, Lawrence (moral stages of development)
- Genocide
- United States v. Jones, (2012) (GPS and policing)
- Heidegger, Martin (being & time, care structure)
- Levinas, Emmanuel (otherwise than being; totality and infinity)
- Sartre, Jean-Paul (existentialism; bad faith)
- Prison gangs
- Supermax” Prisons
- Religious Convictions
- Elite deviance
- Police value system
- Work stress and occupational burn-out (policing/corrections)
- Early Release
- Shotspotter Technology
- Hurricane Katrina
- Altruism
- Conscience (as internal sanction)
- Distributive justice
- Functional magnetic resonance imaging (criminal justice applications)
- Harm Principle
- Ideology
- Specialized court (mental health)
- Suicide in jail/prison (adult/juvenile)
- TASERS, pepper spray, and other “non-lethal” weapons
- Rawls, John (a theory of justice; liberty and difference principles)
- Just deserts
- Mandatory sentencing laws
- Preventive Detention
- Immigration law and policy
- Vagrancy and the homeless
- Contemporary ethical relativism
- Decriminalization
- Discretion
- Intensive parole/probation supervision
- Noddings, Nel/Gilligan, Carol (care ethics, gender and moral development)
- Rich Get Richer and the Poor Get Prison, The
- Selective incapacitation
- Free will
- Castration of sex offenders (disablement)
- Aristotle (virtue ethics)
- Neighborhood Watch
- Victim impact statements (use/misuse/abuse)
- Victim-offender mediation and reconciliation programs
- Zero Tolerance Policing
- Attorneys
- Dignity
- Sexually violent predators laws (institutional and community monitoring)
- Alternative dispute resolution
- Legitimacy
- Newsmaking criminology
- Reasonableness
- Texting-while-driving laws
- Thermal Imaging
- Warrants
- Custodial use of force polices
- Legal guilt
- Proportionality (in law)
- Abu Ghraib prison
- Deceptive Interrogation
- Innocence projects
- State/political violence
- Cyber-pornography
- Police Hostage Negotiations
- Gangs (as subcultures)
- Prison abolition
- Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences (code of ethics)
- Blue wall of silence
- Sandel, Michael (limits of justice)
- Civil Commitment
- Rotten apple” phenomenon (predispositions, authoritarianism)
- Truth-in-sentencing statutes
- Race, justice, and ethics (e.g., racial hoaxes)
- Problem-Oriented Policing
- Surveillance policing (crime mapping, GIS, GPS Monitoring & Location Based Data)
- Surveillance policing (video and audio surveillance)
- Smith vs. Doe (2003)
- Drones, Flying (police use of)
- Ethnocentrism
- Mala in se and Mala prohibitum
- Bail
- Codes of Conduct, Police (International/Federal/State)
- Rehabilitation (theory/practice)
- Determinate and indeterminate sentencing
- Deterrence (theory/practice)
- Sentencing Disparities (ethnic & socioeconomic)
- Forensic Science, Ethics in
- Social Media (as evidence)
- Ethical absolutism (definition, CJ applications)
- Ethical pragmatism (definition, CJ applications)
- Marx, Karl (biology, social evolution, and crime’s elimination)
- Prisoners’ dilemma”
- Prison overcrowding
- Wrongful imprisonment (and detention)
- Drug Enforcement
- Battered women’s syndrome (and defense)
- Cultural criminology
- Florida v. Powell, 559 U.S. ____ (2010)
- United States vs. Tobias (1981)
- Virginia vs. Black (2003)
- Wisconsin vs. Mitchell (1993)
- Mill, John Stuart (degrees of goodness and qualitative utilitarianism)
- Competency restoration and state execution
- Involuntary outpatient commitment
- Judicial misconduct (process for senior judges to review and discipline lower court or junior judges
- Abortion
- Amnesty International
- Petit apartheid
- Shaming Penalties
- Cyber-terrorism
- Criminal responsibility
- Social control (forms of; theory/practice)
- Due Process Rights of Prisoners
- Hegemony
- Peace-making and non-violence (theory/practice)
- Prison Unions
- Use-of-force policies
- Ethical universalism (definition, CJ applications)
- Legal moralism
- MacIntyre, Alasdair (after virtue)
- Paternalism
- Sustainability, justice, and ethics
- Values (intrinsic versus instrumental)
- Anti-terrorism and counter-terrorism
- The Rule of Law
- Choice and action (actus reus)
- Cyber-bullying
- Clemency
- Ethical minimalism (definition, CJ applications)
- Ethical objectivism (definition, CJ applications)
- Digital evidence and crime scene investigation
- Crime (definitions of)
- Suicide by cop
- New Jim Crow, The
- Prison corruption (e.g., underground economy)
- Digital crime and security (e.g., identity theft, computer crimes)
- Identity
- Hate speech and civil rights
- Pornography
- Justifications in law (e.g., necessity/self defense)
- Excuses in law (e.g., age, mental disability)
- Sports and crime (e.g., the Sandusky trial and Penn State scandal)
- Judicial corruption
- Rights (under the law)
- Natural law (definition, CJ applications)
- Reification
- DUI Penalties
- White-collar crime (not corporate)
- Vice (definitions /forms of)
- Animal rights, welfare, and abuse
- High-profile cases (the ethics of “justice for sale”)
- Divine Command Theory
- Duress (and coercion)
- Class, justice, and ethics (e.g., scarcity, stratification and inequality)
- Hedonism (definition, CJ applications)
- Predictive Policing
- Egoism and self-interest (ethical)
- Harms of reduction/repression
- Wire Tapping
- U.S. v. Mitchell, 652 F.3d 387 (3d Cir. 2011)
- Commensense Justice
- Determinism (internal/external, CJ applications)
- Intellectual Property Rights
- Positive law (definition, CJ applications)
- Ross, William David (prima facie duties)
- Discrimination
- Mechanical and physical restraints
- Psychological Jurisprudence (theory/method/practice)
- Causality
- Culture
- Citizenship
- Globalization
- Right to treatment/Right to refuse treatment
- Victim impact statements, rights, and restitution
- Police Robots
- Politics
- Victims’ Bill of Rights (and assistance programs)
- Ethics and Military Courts
- Entrapment
- Child abuse (and neglect)
- Intention (phenomenology, mens rea)
- Violence risk assessment
- Power
- Hypnosis and recovered memory testimony
- Undercover operations
- Conscientious objection (to police/correctional practices)
- Risk society politics
- Authority (institutional, corruption of)
- Arrest Practices
- Polygraphs
- Volition
- Biometrics & Identification
- Wireless Networking
- Pariah underground economy
- Post-colonialism
- Codes of Conduct, Legal (International/Federal/State)
- Computer Matching Technology
- Simulated Justice (e.g., telemetric policing)
- Codes of Conduct, Corrections (International/Federal/State)
- Internal Review Practices
- Malfeasance, nonfeasance, misfeasance
- Institutional morality
- Radio Frequency Identification Technology (applications)
- Wireless Communications
- Corporate violence (e.g., health and pharmaceutical industries)
- Ultramodern criminology (philosophy of)
- Gambling
- Critical incidents de-briefing
- Convict Criminology and Convict Higher Education
- Walzer, Michael (spheres of justice; just and unjust wars; thick and thin)
- Community
- American Civil Liberties Union
- DNA lab accountability
- Eyewitness testimony
- Police-citizen interaction (as trust, as suspicion)
- Torture
- Maximum Security Forensic Hospitals
- Collateral Consequences: Felony Conviction
- Choice and action (actus reus)
- Merleau-Ponty, Maurice (relational ethics; embodied care)
- Knowledge
- Sodomy laws
- Education, continuing legal
- Law versus morality
- Deviance
- Retribution (theory/practice)
- Virtue (definition/forms of)
- Parens patriae
- Incapacitation (theory/practice)
- Public Policy
- Synopticon
- Egoism and self-interest (psychological)
- Offensive conduct
- Guilt (as internal sanction)
- Duties (types of)
- Collective efficacy and crime
- Imprisonment disparities (race and class dynamics)
- Convict criminology
- Sting Operations