The SAGE Encyclopedia of Surveillance, Security, and Privacy

First Edition
Number Of Volumes: 3
Bruce A. Arrigo - University of North Carolina at Charlotte, USA
The SAGE Encyclopedia of Surveillance, Security, and Privacy
February 2018 | 1248 pages | Sage US
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ISBN: 9781483359953
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ISBN: 9781483359946
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Description

Although surveillance hit the headlines with revelations by Edward Snowden that the National Security Agency had been tracking phone calls worldwide, surveillance of citizens by their governments actually has been conducted for centuries. Only now, with the advent of modern technologies, it has exponentially evolved so that today you can barely step out your door without being watched or recorded in some way. In addition to the political and security surveillance unveiled by the Snowden revelations, think about corporate surveillance: each swipe of your ID card to enter your office is recorded, not to mention your Internet activity. Or economic surveillance: what you buy online or with a credit card is recorded and your trip to the supermarket is videotaped. Drive through a tollbooth, and your license plate is recorded. Simply walk down a street and your image could be recorded again and again and again. Where does this begin and end?

In all levels of social structure, from the personal to the political to the economic to the judicial, The SAGE Encyclopedia of Surveillance, Security, and Privacy uncovers and explains how surveillance has come to be an integral part of how our contemporary society operates worldwide and how it impacts our security and privacy.


Key Features:

  • Approximately 450 signed entries from contributors around the globe
  • Further readings and cross-references conclude each article to guide students further as they explore a topic
  • A Reader's Guide organizes entries by broad thematic areas

Contents

Latour, Bruno (science in action; reassembling the social; modes of existence; nature, politics, technology)

Latour, Bruno (science in action; reassembling the social; modes of existence; nature, politics, technology)

Advertising and Marketing Research (e.g., bar codes on grocery items, target marketing)

Advertising and Marketing Research (e.g., bar codes on grocery items, target marketing)

DNA Technology (theory, science, applications, criticisms)

DNA Technology (theory, science, applications, criticisms)

Matrix, The (films)

Matrix, The (films)

Stop and Frisk

Stop and Frisk

European Treaty of Human Rights

European Treaty of Human Rights

Katz v, Reasoning (reasonable expectation test)

Katz v, Reasoning (reasonable expectation test)

Kyllo v. U.S. (2001) (thermal imaging)

Kyllo v. U.S. (2001) (thermal imaging)

CCTV (strength/limits and applications)

CCTV (strength/limits and applications)

School Surveillance (primary and secondary schools)

School Surveillance (primary and secondary schools)

Ethics (e.g., professionalism, workplace norms, institutional codes of conduct)

Ethics (e.g., professionalism, workplace norms, institutional codes of conduct)

Mass Incarceration

Mass Incarceration

Solitary Confinement (uses/abuses, examples)

Solitary Confinement (uses/abuses, examples)

Abortion (women’s bodies, “informed consent” state statutory provisions, mandatory ultrasounds)

Abortion (women’s bodies, “informed consent” state statutory provisions, mandatory ultrasounds)

Digital Divide

Digital Divide

Sexting

Sexting

Foucault, Michel (disciplinary society, bio-power, dispositif)

Foucault, Michel (disciplinary society, bio-power, dispositif)

Italy

Italy

New Penology

New Penology

Sovereignty

Sovereignty

Surveillance (theories of)

Surveillance (theories of)

Airport Terminal Security Screenings

Airport Terminal Security Screenings

Passenger Profiling (at airports)

Passenger Profiling (at airports)

Parental Surveillance

Parental Surveillance

Profiling, Racial

Profiling, Racial

Nuclear War (e.g., Hiroshima, Nagasaki)

Nuclear War (e.g., Hiroshima, Nagasaki)

Anti-nuclear Movement (worldwide)

Anti-nuclear Movement (worldwide)

Anti-War Movement (history in U.S.)

Anti-War Movement (history in U.S.)

Nuclear Treaties (history, development)

Nuclear Treaties (history, development)

Truman Doctrine (containment policy)

Truman Doctrine (containment policy)

Cell Phone Tracking

Cell Phone Tracking

Information Security

Information Security

Intellectual Property Rights

Intellectual Property Rights

Open Source Computing

Open Source Computing

Para-Military Operations

Para-Military Operations

Riot Control (in jails/prisons, in communities and neighborhoods, examples of)

Riot Control (in jails/prisons, in communities and neighborhoods, examples of)

Big Data

Big Data

Dataveillance

Dataveillance

Drones (commercial applications)

Drones (commercial applications)

Neighborhood Watch Programs and Citizen Patrol (history, purpose, uses, effectiveness)

Neighborhood Watch Programs and Citizen Patrol (history, purpose, uses, effectiveness)

Smart Borders

Smart Borders

Spain

Spain

Truth

Truth

Security, Concepts of (e.g., assurance, risk, vulnerability, countermeasure)

Security, Concepts of (e.g., assurance, risk, vulnerability, countermeasure)

Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act [FISA]

Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act [FISA]

War on Drugs, the

War on Drugs, the

Privacy (on the Internet)

Privacy (on the Internet)

Propaganda (uses/abuses, examples of)

Propaganda (uses/abuses, examples of)

Brazil

Brazil

Synopticon, the

Synopticon, the

Minority Report (film)

Minority Report (film)

Brown v. Board of Education (1952)

Brown v. Board of Education (1952)

Catholic Church (the problem of pedophile priests)

Catholic Church (the problem of pedophile priests)

Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)

Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)

Religious Freedom Restoration Act (1993)

Religious Freedom Restoration Act (1993)

Affordable Healthcare Act (debate, impact, status)

Affordable Healthcare Act (debate, impact, status)

Data Mining and Profiling (in social network analysis)

Data Mining and Profiling (in social network analysis)

Tet Offensive (history and aftermath)

Tet Offensive (history and aftermath)

Camp David Accord

Camp David Accord

Iran-Contra Affair

Iran-Contra Affair

Glasnost

Glasnost

Espionage

Espionage

Nazism

Nazism

PATRIOT Act

PATRIOT Act

Passenger Data (airports)

Passenger Data (airports)

Lie Detectors Instrumentation (developments in technology, applications and polygraph testing)

Lie Detectors Instrumentation (developments in technology, applications and polygraph testing)

Cookies

Cookies

Data-doubles

Data-doubles

Privacy, Types of (personal, informational, organizational)

Privacy, Types of (personal, informational, organizational)

Biblical Surveillance

Biblical Surveillance

Hunger Games (films)

Hunger Games (films)

U.S. v. Jones (2012) (GPS on cars)

U.S. v. Jones (2012) (GPS on cars)

Fast Capitalism (critical theory, examples of)

Fast Capitalism (critical theory, examples of)

Post-Structural Theory

Post-Structural Theory

Subjectivity (crisis of, liquid identities)

Subjectivity (crisis of, liquid identities)

Network Security

Network Security

Social Network Analysis

Social Network Analysis

COINTELPRO

COINTELPRO

Cultural Studies

Cultural Studies

Governmentality (Foucault’s micro-physics of power)

Governmentality (Foucault’s micro-physics of power)

Panopticon, the

Panopticon, the

Fear, Culture of

Fear, Culture of

Securitization (as speech act)

Securitization (as speech act)

Social Control (as concept, study of)

Social Control (as concept, study of)

Policing and Society (the changing nature of surveillance and security)

Policing and Society (the changing nature of surveillance and security)

Society of Captives Thesis

Society of Captives Thesis

Adorno, Theodor (culture industry, negative dialectics and mass surveillance)

Adorno, Theodor (culture industry, negative dialectics and mass surveillance)

Benjamin, Walter (aesthetic theory, on the concept of history, escape from Nazis, suicide, arcades project)

Benjamin, Walter (aesthetic theory, on the concept of history, escape from Nazis, suicide, arcades project)

Frankfurt School (discussion of its socio-cultural criticisms)

Frankfurt School (discussion of its socio-cultural criticisms)

Gramsci, Antonio (governmental surveillance, hegemony, reification)

Gramsci, Antonio (governmental surveillance, hegemony, reification)

Beijing, China (surveillance in)

Beijing, China (surveillance in)

Spies (e.g., examples of)

Spies (e.g., examples of)

Totalitarian Surveillance Societies

Totalitarian Surveillance Societies

Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission (2010)

Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission (2010)

Risk Society Thesis

Risk Society Thesis

Surveillant Assemblage (definition and examples of)

Surveillant Assemblage (definition and examples of)

Authoritarianism

Authoritarianism

Berlin Wall

Berlin Wall

Cold War, The

Cold War, The

Cuban Missile Crisis

Cuban Missile Crisis

Détente

Détente

Diplomacy

Diplomacy

Fascism

Fascism

Perestroika

Perestroika

Police State (examples of)

Police State (examples of)

Surveillance (Cold War)

Surveillance (Cold War)

United Nations (definition, history, and purpose)

United Nations (definition, history, and purpose)

Bio-political tattooing (definition, uses, and criticisms)

Bio-political tattooing (definition, uses, and criticisms)

E-government

E-government

Privacy, Right to

Privacy, Right to

Colonialism

Colonialism

Community

Community

Global Village

Global Village

Moral Panic (theories of)

Moral Panic (theories of)

Municipal Surveillance (cities and towns generally)

Municipal Surveillance (cities and towns generally)

Nigeria

Nigeria

Private Law Enforcement (history, purpose, uses/abuses, examples of)

Private Law Enforcement (history, purpose, uses/abuses, examples of)

Punishment

Punishment

School Surveillance (college and university campuses)

School Surveillance (college and university campuses)

Search and Seizure (recent Fourth Amendment challenges/changes)

Search and Seizure (recent Fourth Amendment challenges/changes)

Social Contract Theory

Social Contract Theory

Airport Security (strengths/limits in U.S. and other locales around the world)

Airport Security (strengths/limits in U.S. and other locales around the world)

Human Trafficking

Human Trafficking

Post-colonialism

Post-colonialism

Security Screenings (sporting events)

Security Screenings (sporting events)

Anarchism (theories of, customs and practices, examples of)

Anarchism (theories of, customs and practices, examples of)

Beck, Ulrech (globalization, risk thesis, cosmopolitanism)

Beck, Ulrech (globalization, risk thesis, cosmopolitanism)

Iranian Hostage Crisis (1979)

Iranian Hostage Crisis (1979)

National Security Council

National Security Council

U.S. v. Miller (1976)

U.S. v. Miller (1976)

Al Qaeda

Al Qaeda

Bill of Rights

Bill of Rights

Hepting v. AT&T

Hepting v. AT&T

Tarasoff v. Regents of the University of California (1976) (duty to warn)

Tarasoff v. Regents of the University of California (1976) (duty to warn)

U.S. v. Spy Factory, Inc.

U.S. v. Spy Factory, Inc.

Curfews

Curfews

Probation (history, purpose, uses/abuses)

Probation (history, purpose, uses/abuses)

Department of Homeland Security

Department of Homeland Security

Domestic Terrorist Groups (e.g., White Supremacists),

Domestic Terrorist Groups (e.g., White Supremacists),

Federal Bureau of Investigations

Federal Bureau of Investigations

Secure Fence Act (2006)

Secure Fence Act (2006)

War on Terror, the

War on Terror, the

Chain Gangs (definition, history, applications)

Chain Gangs (definition, history, applications)

Privacy

Privacy

Special Operation Forces (e.g., Navy SEALs, Army Delta, Marine Force Recon)

Special Operation Forces (e.g., Navy SEALs, Army Delta, Marine Force Recon)

National Security Agency

National Security Agency

Victim Offender Mediation/Reconciliation (Programs and Programming, examples of)

Victim Offender Mediation/Reconciliation (Programs and Programming, examples of)

Women, Girls, and the Body

Women, Girls, and the Body

Orwell, George (Ninety-Eighty-Four, “Big Brother”)

Orwell, George (Ninety-Eighty-Four, “Big Brother”)

Whistle Blowers (history and practices)

Whistle Blowers (history and practices)

Work Surveillance

Work Surveillance

Consumer Protection Agency

Consumer Protection Agency

Locke, John (on liberty and security)

Locke, John (on liberty and security)

Adam Walsh Child Protection and Safety Act, the (2006)

Adam Walsh Child Protection and Safety Act, the (2006)

RFID (“tagging”) and geolocation devices (commercial uses and examples)

RFID (“tagging”) and geolocation devices (commercial uses and examples)

Incapacitation (as crime control policy, examples of, effectiveness)

Incapacitation (as crime control policy, examples of, effectiveness)

Agency (as free will, as ability to choose)

Agency (as free will, as ability to choose)

Bentham, Jeremy (on liberty)

Bentham, Jeremy (on liberty)

Civil War (and espionage)

Civil War (and espionage)

Hoover, J. Edgar (uses and abuses of surveillance,)

Hoover, J. Edgar (uses and abuses of surveillance,)

Anti-War Protest Surveillance, 1960s

Anti-War Protest Surveillance, 1960s

Iceland

Iceland

WikiLeaks

WikiLeaks

McCarthyism

McCarthyism

Cyber-stalking

Cyber-stalking

Insanity (e.g., McNaughton rule and affirmative defenses)

Insanity (e.g., McNaughton rule and affirmative defenses)

Psychological Assessment (adult and juvenile evaluation protocols)

Psychological Assessment (adult and juvenile evaluation protocols)

Franklin, Benjamin (on surveillance/security/liberty)

Franklin, Benjamin (on surveillance/security/liberty)

Highway and Interstate Surveillance

Highway and Interstate Surveillance

Hobbes, Thomas (Leviathan, state of nature)

Hobbes, Thomas (Leviathan, state of nature)

Kafka, Franz (secret bureaucracies, personal data, secret courts, secret laws)

Kafka, Franz (secret bureaucracies, personal data, secret courts, secret laws)

Traffic Control

Traffic Control

Alcoholic Anonymous (tradition 12-Step Programming, criticisms of)

Alcoholic Anonymous (tradition 12-Step Programming, criticisms of)

Chicago, Illinois (surveillance in)

Chicago, Illinois (surveillance in)

Israel

Israel

Meghan’s Law

Meghan’s Law

Supermax Prisons

Supermax Prisons

Governing through crime (would-be offenders/offending, surveillance and security)

Governing through crime (would-be offenders/offending, surveillance and security)

Punishment and Society (the pains of imprisonment, as cultural critique)

Punishment and Society (the pains of imprisonment, as cultural critique)

Trinidad and Tobago

Trinidad and Tobago

Autonomy

Autonomy

Cyber-war

Cyber-war

Drone Strikes (military uses, examples of)

Drone Strikes (military uses, examples of)

Morality (e.g., moral reasoning, moral psychology, moral philosophy)

Morality (e.g., moral reasoning, moral psychology, moral philosophy)

NSA Leaks (e.g., Snowden)

NSA Leaks (e.g., Snowden)

Terrorism

Terrorism

Swatting Hack

Swatting Hack

Carrier Pigeons and Surveillance (history, uses, government reliance on)

Carrier Pigeons and Surveillance (history, uses, government reliance on)

Cults (as deviant/violent sub-cultures, examples of)

Cults (as deviant/violent sub-cultures, examples of)

Violence against Women’s Act, the

Violence against Women’s Act, the

Capital Punishment (as representing the “conscience” of society/polity)

Capital Punishment (as representing the “conscience” of society/polity)

Emergency Alert Systems

Emergency Alert Systems

Germany

Germany

Drug Trade (and other forms of smuggling)

Drug Trade (and other forms of smuggling)

Espionage in Ancient Egypt

Espionage in Ancient Egypt

Hamas

Hamas

Movie Theater Security

Movie Theater Security

Global Surveillance

Global Surveillance

Intelligence Community

Intelligence Community

Surveillance Investigator

Surveillance Investigator

Revolutions and Revolts ( definitions, examples, impacts)

Revolutions and Revolts ( definitions, examples, impacts)

Counter Surveillance

Counter Surveillance

Inverse Surveillance (e.g., the digital recording of police activities, military groups, worksites/stations by citizens)

Inverse Surveillance (e.g., the digital recording of police activities, military groups, worksites/stations by citizens)

Sousveillance (e.g., Rodney King and Reginald Denny incidents)

Sousveillance (e.g., Rodney King and Reginald Denny incidents)

Death Row

Death Row

U.N. Peacekeeping (and Security) Forces

U.N. Peacekeeping (and Security) Forces

Marxism

Marxism

Abu Ghraib

Abu Ghraib

Corporate Personhood (legal debate, case law)

Corporate Personhood (legal debate, case law)

Tea Party (U.S.A.)

Tea Party (U.S.A.)

Hate Crimes (definition, history, case law examples)

Hate Crimes (definition, history, case law examples)

Voyeurism, digital (pleasures of being watched)

Voyeurism, digital (pleasures of being watched)

You-Tube

You-Tube

Free Speech (e.g., controversial examples in education, health care)

Free Speech (e.g., controversial examples in education, health care)

Responsibility

Responsibility

Segregation

Segregation

Marshall Law

Marshall Law

Surveillance (World War I and II)

Surveillance (World War I and II)

Cyber-bullying

Cyber-bullying

Parole (history, purpose, uses/abuses)

Parole (history, purpose, uses/abuses)

Prisons and Jails (i.e., institutionalization, importation and deprivation modes)

Prisons and Jails (i.e., institutionalization, importation and deprivation modes)

Paternalism and Parens Patriae

Paternalism and Parens Patriae

Private Prisons (privatization industry, examples of, effectiveness)

Private Prisons (privatization industry, examples of, effectiveness)

Global Mobility

Global Mobility

Segregation Units in Jails

Segregation Units in Jails

Stigma (forms of, uses of)

Stigma (forms of, uses of)

Republican Party (U.S.A.)

Republican Party (U.S.A.)

Equality (e.g., in relation to digital surveillance culture)

Equality (e.g., in relation to digital surveillance culture)

Identity Politics

Identity Politics

COPWATCH (as database on police accountability, applications and important cases)

COPWATCH (as database on police accountability, applications and important cases)

Djibouti

Djibouti

TASERS (and other less-than-lethal force, uses/abuses)

TASERS (and other less-than-lethal force, uses/abuses)

Habeas Corpus (history and case law examples)

Habeas Corpus (history and case law examples)

Privacy, Medical

Privacy, Medical

Watergate and White House Tapes

Watergate and White House Tapes

Law

Law

Cybersecurity Legislation

Cybersecurity Legislation

Information Warfare

Information Warfare

International Diplomacy

International Diplomacy

Law and Digital Technology (the emergent legal landscape of surveillance/security)

Law and Digital Technology (the emergent legal landscape of surveillance/security)

NATO

NATO

U.S. Constitution

U.S. Constitution

Gated Communities

Gated Communities

Vagrancy Laws

Vagrancy Laws

Crime Mapping

Crime Mapping

New York, New York (surveillance in)

New York, New York (surveillance in)

Stand Your Ground” Laws (controversial cases and statutes)

Stand Your Ground” Laws (controversial cases and statutes)

Narcissism

Narcissism

Political Psychology

Political Psychology

Political Action Committees (influence on security, civil liberties)

Political Action Committees (influence on security, civil liberties)

Facebook

Facebook

Situationists, the (history and class consciousness, specatcle)

Situationists, the (history and class consciousness, specatcle)

Corporate Surveillance (i.e., “business intelligence” with consumers and desirable goods/services)

Corporate Surveillance (i.e., “business intelligence” with consumers and desirable goods/services)

Dumpster Diving (as related to surveillance/privacy)

Dumpster Diving (as related to surveillance/privacy)

Knowledge

Knowledge

Play-dates and Play-spaces

Play-dates and Play-spaces

Cloud Computing

Cloud Computing

Border Control Checkpoints

Border Control Checkpoints

Deleuze, Gilles and Guattari, Felix (e.g., control society, schizo-analysis, body-without-organs)

Deleuze, Gilles and Guattari, Felix (e.g., control society, schizo-analysis, body-without-organs)

Medieval Castles (architectural design, surveillance defense)

Medieval Castles (architectural design, surveillance defense)

Internment Camps

Internment Camps

U.S. Customs and Border Protection (Border Security)

U.S. Customs and Border Protection (Border Security)

iPhones

iPhones

Spectacle, the

Spectacle, the

Surveillance (Age of Reason)

Surveillance (Age of Reason)

Citizenship

Citizenship

Computer Surveillance

Computer Surveillance

Greece

Greece

Politics

Politics

Public Health, Surveillance in

Public Health, Surveillance in

Social Sorting (origins, definition, and applications)

Social Sorting (origins, definition, and applications)

Freedom of Information Act (FOIA)

Freedom of Information Act (FOIA)

Privacy Act of 1974

Privacy Act of 1974

UFO Surveillance (history, purpose, examples)

UFO Surveillance (history, purpose, examples)

Aerial Reconnaissance and Surveillance (definition, uses, and criticisms)

Aerial Reconnaissance and Surveillance (definition, uses, and criticisms)

Mountain Surveillance

Mountain Surveillance

Cyber-murder

Cyber-murder

London, England (surveillance in)

London, England (surveillance in)

Apple

Apple

Unregulated Cyber Currencies (e.g., Bitcoin)

Unregulated Cyber Currencies (e.g., Bitcoin)

INTERPOL

INTERPOL

Anti-Globalization

Anti-Globalization

Goffman, Erving (asylums, presentation of self, interaction rituals)

Goffman, Erving (asylums, presentation of self, interaction rituals)

Copenhagen School (security studies)

Copenhagen School (security studies)

Environmental Security

Environmental Security

Guantanamo Bay

Guantanamo Bay

International Relations Theory

International Relations Theory

Power

Power

American Protective League

American Protective League

U.S. Secret Service

U.S. Secret Service

Civil Liberties (definition of, developments in law)

Civil Liberties (definition of, developments in law)

Anonymous (against surveillance)

Anonymous (against surveillance)

Home Surveillance

Home Surveillance

Iran

Iran

United Kingdom

United Kingdom

Restraining Orders (history, purpose, uses/abuses, examples of)

Restraining Orders (history, purpose, uses/abuses, examples of)

Sex Offender Registries (history, purposes, uses/abuses)

Sex Offender Registries (history, purposes, uses/abuses)

Concentration Camps

Concentration Camps

Embargoes (economic)

Embargoes (economic)

Globalization (study of)

Globalization (study of)

Houston, TX (surveillance in)

Houston, TX (surveillance in)

Youth Detention Centers/Facilities

Youth Detention Centers/Facilities

Vehicle Tracking Systems

Vehicle Tracking Systems

Special Courts (substance abuse)

Special Courts (substance abuse)

Transparency

Transparency

International Monetary Fund

International Monetary Fund

Researching Cyber- crime (problems in methods)

Researching Cyber- crime (problems in methods)

Life without Parole

Life without Parole

Ethiopia

Ethiopia

India

India

Communication Studies

Communication Studies

Google Earth

Google Earth

Amnesty International

Amnesty International

Guatemala

Guatemala

ATM Cards

ATM Cards

Disinformation Campaigns (description, examples of)

Disinformation Campaigns (description, examples of)

Surveillance & Society (Journal history, mission, and scope)

Surveillance & Society (Journal history, mission, and scope)

Arab Spring

Arab Spring

Global Justice

Global Justice

Breathometer and Breathalyzer Machines (uses/abuses, examples of)

Breathometer and Breathalyzer Machines (uses/abuses, examples of)

Eminent Domain (definition, history, uses/abuses)

Eminent Domain (definition, history, uses/abuses)

Federal Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act , the

Federal Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act , the

Neuroscience and Brain Biology

Neuroscience and Brain Biology

Sex Offender Laws

Sex Offender Laws

Military Intelligence Gathering Capabilities

Military Intelligence Gathering Capabilities

Wire Taps

Wire Taps

Immigration

Immigration

City-wide Sweeps of the Homeless

City-wide Sweeps of the Homeless

Machine Learning

Machine Learning

Email

Email

Google

Google

New Social Media

New Social Media

Blockades (history, uses, examples of)

Blockades (history, uses, examples of)

Stuxnet Virus Attack

Stuxnet Virus Attack

Methadone Treatment

Methadone Treatment

Monitor vs. Merrimac (i.e. Battle of Hampton Road – Civil War)

Monitor vs. Merrimac (i.e. Battle of Hampton Road – Civil War)

Amber Alerts (and international expansion)

Amber Alerts (and international expansion)

Parks

Parks

Critical Security Studies (Welsh School)

Critical Security Studies (Welsh School)

Digital Passwords

Digital Passwords

Synology Surveillance Station

Synology Surveillance Station

Garland, David (culture of control, social anxiety)

Garland, David (culture of control, social anxiety)

Slave Trade (past and present; New Jim Crow, the)

Slave Trade (past and present; New Jim Crow, the)

Marx, Gary T. (police and democracy, privacy and technology, surveillance and society)

Marx, Gary T. (police and democracy, privacy and technology, surveillance and society)

American Civil Liberties Union (and Electronic Privacy Information Center)

American Civil Liberties Union (and Electronic Privacy Information Center)

Castration, Chemical

Castration, Chemical

Castration, Surgical

Castration, Surgical

Civil Commitment (e.g. legal criteria, relevant case law examples)

Civil Commitment (e.g. legal criteria, relevant case law examples)

Deportation

Deportation

Substance Abuse Treatment Facilities

Substance Abuse Treatment Facilities

Specialty Courts (mental health)

Specialty Courts (mental health)

Infotainment

Infotainment

Biometric Surveillance (e.g., theory and science, applications)

Biometric Surveillance (e.g., theory and science, applications)

Libertarian Party (U.S.A.)

Libertarian Party (U.S.A.)

Scandals, Political (e.g., Anthony Weiner)

Scandals, Political (e.g., Anthony Weiner)

Anti-Defamation League

Anti-Defamation League

Surveillance Deterrence (uses, impact)

Surveillance Deterrence (uses, impact)

Wrist/Ankle Monitoring Devices

Wrist/Ankle Monitoring Devices

Texting

Texting

Watchdog Groups

Watchdog Groups

Civil Disobedience (examples of)

Civil Disobedience (examples of)

Traitors (controversial examples of)

Traitors (controversial examples of)

Taliban

Taliban

Cyber-prostitution

Cyber-prostitution

Drug Therapies (surveillance of the body; forms of self/social control)

Drug Therapies (surveillance of the body; forms of self/social control)

Freedom of Expression (recent 1st Amendment challenges/changes)

Freedom of Expression (recent 1st Amendment challenges/changes)

Electronic Harassment

Electronic Harassment

Mental Disability Law

Mental Disability Law

Port Security

Port Security

News Media (24/7 cycles)

News Media (24/7 cycles)

Specialty Courts (domestic violence)

Specialty Courts (domestic violence)

North Korea

North Korea

Deviance (e.g., in relation to digital surveillance culture)

Deviance (e.g., in relation to digital surveillance culture)

Drug Testing Kits (developments in technology, uses/abuses, examples of)

Drug Testing Kits (developments in technology, uses/abuses, examples of)

Fingerprints (uses for surveillance; uses for computer security)

Fingerprints (uses for surveillance; uses for computer security)

Jennicam

Jennicam

Plethysmograph (measuring and controlling sexual arousal in sex offenders)

Plethysmograph (measuring and controlling sexual arousal in sex offenders)

Disease Model in Psychiatry (i.e., as bio-psycho-social science, as medicalization)

Disease Model in Psychiatry (i.e., as bio-psycho-social science, as medicalization)

Internet Pornography (adult/child)

Internet Pornography (adult/child)

Australia

Australia

Biosurveillance Industry (e..g, bio-diversity, species identification, DNA bar-coding surveillance)

Biosurveillance Industry (e..g, bio-diversity, species identification, DNA bar-coding surveillance)

Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)

Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)

China

China

Bioengineering

Bioengineering

Life Science Surveillance and Security

Life Science Surveillance and Security

KGB

KGB

Paparazzi

Paparazzi

Telemetric Policing

Telemetric Policing

Voting (including technological advances, secret ballots)

Voting (including technological advances, secret ballots)

Cuba

Cuba

Iraq

Iraq

Syria

Syria

Bioinformatics

Bioinformatics

Health Management Organizations

Health Management Organizations

Canada

Canada

Data Mining and Profiling (in psychology)

Data Mining and Profiling (in psychology)

Diplomatic Envoys

Diplomatic Envoys

Bot-nets

Bot-nets

Culture (e.g., virtual realities, liquid identities)

Culture (e.g., virtual realities, liquid identities)

Dictators and Dictatorships (e.g., Osama bin Laden)

Dictators and Dictatorships (e.g., Osama bin Laden)

Nine/Eleven 9/11 (New York City, Washington DC, Shanksville, PA)

Nine/Eleven 9/11 (New York City, Washington DC, Shanksville, PA)

Russia

Russia

United States

United States

Constructivism

Constructivism

Cyber-marketing

Cyber-marketing

Electronic Restraint Devices (in prisons/jails, uses/abuses)

Electronic Restraint Devices (in prisons/jails, uses/abuses)

Scanners (uses/abuses)

Scanners (uses/abuses)

Anti-Psychiatry (worldwide)

Anti-Psychiatry (worldwide)

Transportation Security Administration

Transportation Security Administration

Religion, Organized

Religion, Organized

Sociality

Sociality

Peace Agreements (examples of)

Peace Agreements (examples of)

Technology

Technology

Cosmopolitanism (e.g., new directions)

Cosmopolitanism (e.g., new directions)

Mental Health In-Patient Facilities (institutionalization, medicalization)

Mental Health In-Patient Facilities (institutionalization, medicalization)

MySpace

MySpace

Mexico

Mexico

Conformity (e.g. in relation to digital surveillance culture)

Conformity (e.g. in relation to digital surveillance culture)

Creeping (definition and examples of)

Creeping (definition and examples of)

Threat Assessment (history, purpose, uses/abuses)

Threat Assessment (history, purpose, uses/abuses)

Ancient Greek Surveillance

Ancient Greek Surveillance

Drug Testing (at work, in college-level and professional sports)

Drug Testing (at work, in college-level and professional sports)

Choice

Choice

Modernism

Modernism

South Africa

South Africa

Apartheid

Apartheid

Security Theater

Security Theater

Online Shopping

Online Shopping

Torture (uses and examples)

Torture (uses and examples)

Identity Theft

Identity Theft

Commodification of the Body (as site of corporeal and digital contestation)

Commodification of the Body (as site of corporeal and digital contestation)

Drug Trafficking

Drug Trafficking

Immigration and Naturalization Service

Immigration and Naturalization Service

Psychotherapy

Psychotherapy

Crime (e.g., in relation to digital surveillance)

Crime (e.g., in relation to digital surveillance)

Cyber-cities

Cyber-cities

Cyber-theft

Cyber-theft

Security and Exchange Commission

Security and Exchange Commission

Warrants (uses/abuses in searches and uses/abuses in arrests)

Warrants (uses/abuses in searches and uses/abuses in arrests)

National Security (as political-economic interests)

National Security (as political-economic interests)

Jacob Wetterling Crimes against Children and Sexually Violent Offender Registration Act

Jacob Wetterling Crimes against Children and Sexually Violent Offender Registration Act

Shopping Mall Security

Shopping Mall Security

Political Dissidents (examples of)

Political Dissidents (examples of)

Libya

Libya

Offender Re-entry Programs

Offender Re-entry Programs

Eugenics Industrial Complex

Eugenics Industrial Complex

Military Industrial Complex

Military Industrial Complex

Self-Deportation

Self-Deportation

Crime Control

Crime Control

Weapons of Mass Destruction

Weapons of Mass Destruction

Legal Moralism

Legal Moralism

Social Justice

Social Justice

Volume 1

  • List of Entries
  • Reader’s Guide
  • About the Editor
  • Contributors
  • Introduction

Entries

  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D
  • E

Volume 2

  • List of Entries

Entries

  • F
  • G
  • H
  • I
  • J
  • K
  • L
  • M
  • N
  • O
  • P

Volume 3

  • List of Entries

Entries

  • P
  • R
  • S
  • T
  • U
  • V
  • W
  • Y

Index

Index

Description

Although surveillance hit the headlines with revelations by Edward Snowden that the National Security Agency had been tracking phone calls worldwide, surveillance of citizens by their governments actually has been conducted for centuries. Only now, with the advent of modern technologies, it has exponentially evolved so that today you can barely step out your door without being watched or recorded in some way. In addition to the political and security surveillance unveiled by the Snowden revelations, think about corporate surveillance: each swipe of your ID card to enter your office is recorded, not to mention your Internet activity. Or economic surveillance: what you buy online or with a credit card is recorded and your trip to the supermarket is videotaped. Drive through a tollbooth, and your license plate is recorded. Simply walk down a street and your image could be recorded again and again and again. Where does this begin and end?

In all levels of social structure, from the personal to the political to the economic to the judicial, The SAGE Encyclopedia of Surveillance, Security, and Privacy uncovers and explains how surveillance has come to be an integral part of how our contemporary society operates worldwide and how it impacts our security and privacy.


Key Features:

  • Approximately 450 signed entries from contributors around the globe
  • Further readings and cross-references conclude each article to guide students further as they explore a topic
  • A Reader's Guide organizes entries by broad thematic areas

Contents

Latour, Bruno (science in action; reassembling the social; modes of existence; nature, politics, technology)

Latour, Bruno (science in action; reassembling the social; modes of existence; nature, politics, technology)

Advertising and Marketing Research (e.g., bar codes on grocery items, target marketing)

Advertising and Marketing Research (e.g., bar codes on grocery items, target marketing)

DNA Technology (theory, science, applications, criticisms)

DNA Technology (theory, science, applications, criticisms)

Matrix, The (films)

Matrix, The (films)

Stop and Frisk

Stop and Frisk

European Treaty of Human Rights

European Treaty of Human Rights

Katz v, Reasoning (reasonable expectation test)

Katz v, Reasoning (reasonable expectation test)

Kyllo v. U.S. (2001) (thermal imaging)

Kyllo v. U.S. (2001) (thermal imaging)

CCTV (strength/limits and applications)

CCTV (strength/limits and applications)

School Surveillance (primary and secondary schools)

School Surveillance (primary and secondary schools)

Ethics (e.g., professionalism, workplace norms, institutional codes of conduct)

Ethics (e.g., professionalism, workplace norms, institutional codes of conduct)

Mass Incarceration

Mass Incarceration

Solitary Confinement (uses/abuses, examples)

Solitary Confinement (uses/abuses, examples)

Abortion (women’s bodies, “informed consent” state statutory provisions, mandatory ultrasounds)

Abortion (women’s bodies, “informed consent” state statutory provisions, mandatory ultrasounds)

Digital Divide

Digital Divide

Sexting

Sexting

Foucault, Michel (disciplinary society, bio-power, dispositif)

Foucault, Michel (disciplinary society, bio-power, dispositif)

Italy

Italy

New Penology

New Penology

Sovereignty

Sovereignty

Surveillance (theories of)

Surveillance (theories of)

Airport Terminal Security Screenings

Airport Terminal Security Screenings

Passenger Profiling (at airports)

Passenger Profiling (at airports)

Parental Surveillance

Parental Surveillance

Profiling, Racial

Profiling, Racial

Nuclear War (e.g., Hiroshima, Nagasaki)

Nuclear War (e.g., Hiroshima, Nagasaki)

Anti-nuclear Movement (worldwide)

Anti-nuclear Movement (worldwide)

Anti-War Movement (history in U.S.)

Anti-War Movement (history in U.S.)

Nuclear Treaties (history, development)

Nuclear Treaties (history, development)

Truman Doctrine (containment policy)

Truman Doctrine (containment policy)

Cell Phone Tracking

Cell Phone Tracking

Information Security

Information Security

Intellectual Property Rights

Intellectual Property Rights

Open Source Computing

Open Source Computing

Para-Military Operations

Para-Military Operations

Riot Control (in jails/prisons, in communities and neighborhoods, examples of)

Riot Control (in jails/prisons, in communities and neighborhoods, examples of)

Big Data

Big Data

Dataveillance

Dataveillance

Drones (commercial applications)

Drones (commercial applications)

Neighborhood Watch Programs and Citizen Patrol (history, purpose, uses, effectiveness)

Neighborhood Watch Programs and Citizen Patrol (history, purpose, uses, effectiveness)

Smart Borders

Smart Borders

Spain

Spain

Truth

Truth

Security, Concepts of (e.g., assurance, risk, vulnerability, countermeasure)

Security, Concepts of (e.g., assurance, risk, vulnerability, countermeasure)

Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act [FISA]

Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act [FISA]

War on Drugs, the

War on Drugs, the

Privacy (on the Internet)

Privacy (on the Internet)

Propaganda (uses/abuses, examples of)

Propaganda (uses/abuses, examples of)

Brazil

Brazil

Synopticon, the

Synopticon, the

Minority Report (film)

Minority Report (film)

Brown v. Board of Education (1952)

Brown v. Board of Education (1952)

Catholic Church (the problem of pedophile priests)

Catholic Church (the problem of pedophile priests)

Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)

Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)

Religious Freedom Restoration Act (1993)

Religious Freedom Restoration Act (1993)

Affordable Healthcare Act (debate, impact, status)

Affordable Healthcare Act (debate, impact, status)

Data Mining and Profiling (in social network analysis)

Data Mining and Profiling (in social network analysis)

Tet Offensive (history and aftermath)

Tet Offensive (history and aftermath)

Camp David Accord

Camp David Accord

Iran-Contra Affair

Iran-Contra Affair

Glasnost

Glasnost

Espionage

Espionage

Nazism

Nazism

PATRIOT Act

PATRIOT Act

Passenger Data (airports)

Passenger Data (airports)

Lie Detectors Instrumentation (developments in technology, applications and polygraph testing)

Lie Detectors Instrumentation (developments in technology, applications and polygraph testing)

Cookies

Cookies

Data-doubles

Data-doubles

Privacy, Types of (personal, informational, organizational)

Privacy, Types of (personal, informational, organizational)

Biblical Surveillance

Biblical Surveillance

Hunger Games (films)

Hunger Games (films)

U.S. v. Jones (2012) (GPS on cars)

U.S. v. Jones (2012) (GPS on cars)

Fast Capitalism (critical theory, examples of)

Fast Capitalism (critical theory, examples of)

Post-Structural Theory

Post-Structural Theory

Subjectivity (crisis of, liquid identities)

Subjectivity (crisis of, liquid identities)

Network Security

Network Security

Social Network Analysis

Social Network Analysis

COINTELPRO

COINTELPRO

Cultural Studies

Cultural Studies

Governmentality (Foucault’s micro-physics of power)

Governmentality (Foucault’s micro-physics of power)

Panopticon, the

Panopticon, the

Fear, Culture of

Fear, Culture of

Securitization (as speech act)

Securitization (as speech act)

Social Control (as concept, study of)

Social Control (as concept, study of)

Policing and Society (the changing nature of surveillance and security)

Policing and Society (the changing nature of surveillance and security)

Society of Captives Thesis

Society of Captives Thesis

Adorno, Theodor (culture industry, negative dialectics and mass surveillance)

Adorno, Theodor (culture industry, negative dialectics and mass surveillance)

Benjamin, Walter (aesthetic theory, on the concept of history, escape from Nazis, suicide, arcades project)

Benjamin, Walter (aesthetic theory, on the concept of history, escape from Nazis, suicide, arcades project)

Frankfurt School (discussion of its socio-cultural criticisms)

Frankfurt School (discussion of its socio-cultural criticisms)

Gramsci, Antonio (governmental surveillance, hegemony, reification)

Gramsci, Antonio (governmental surveillance, hegemony, reification)

Beijing, China (surveillance in)

Beijing, China (surveillance in)

Spies (e.g., examples of)

Spies (e.g., examples of)

Totalitarian Surveillance Societies

Totalitarian Surveillance Societies

Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission (2010)

Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission (2010)

Risk Society Thesis

Risk Society Thesis

Surveillant Assemblage (definition and examples of)

Surveillant Assemblage (definition and examples of)

Authoritarianism

Authoritarianism

Berlin Wall

Berlin Wall

Cold War, The

Cold War, The

Cuban Missile Crisis

Cuban Missile Crisis

Détente

Détente

Diplomacy

Diplomacy

Fascism

Fascism

Perestroika

Perestroika

Police State (examples of)

Police State (examples of)

Surveillance (Cold War)

Surveillance (Cold War)

United Nations (definition, history, and purpose)

United Nations (definition, history, and purpose)

Bio-political tattooing (definition, uses, and criticisms)

Bio-political tattooing (definition, uses, and criticisms)

E-government

E-government

Privacy, Right to

Privacy, Right to

Colonialism

Colonialism

Community

Community

Global Village

Global Village

Moral Panic (theories of)

Moral Panic (theories of)

Municipal Surveillance (cities and towns generally)

Municipal Surveillance (cities and towns generally)

Nigeria

Nigeria

Private Law Enforcement (history, purpose, uses/abuses, examples of)

Private Law Enforcement (history, purpose, uses/abuses, examples of)

Punishment

Punishment

School Surveillance (college and university campuses)

School Surveillance (college and university campuses)

Search and Seizure (recent Fourth Amendment challenges/changes)

Search and Seizure (recent Fourth Amendment challenges/changes)

Social Contract Theory

Social Contract Theory

Airport Security (strengths/limits in U.S. and other locales around the world)

Airport Security (strengths/limits in U.S. and other locales around the world)

Human Trafficking

Human Trafficking

Post-colonialism

Post-colonialism

Security Screenings (sporting events)

Security Screenings (sporting events)

Anarchism (theories of, customs and practices, examples of)

Anarchism (theories of, customs and practices, examples of)

Beck, Ulrech (globalization, risk thesis, cosmopolitanism)

Beck, Ulrech (globalization, risk thesis, cosmopolitanism)

Iranian Hostage Crisis (1979)

Iranian Hostage Crisis (1979)

National Security Council

National Security Council

U.S. v. Miller (1976)

U.S. v. Miller (1976)

Al Qaeda

Al Qaeda

Bill of Rights

Bill of Rights

Hepting v. AT&T

Hepting v. AT&T

Tarasoff v. Regents of the University of California (1976) (duty to warn)

Tarasoff v. Regents of the University of California (1976) (duty to warn)

U.S. v. Spy Factory, Inc.

U.S. v. Spy Factory, Inc.

Curfews

Curfews

Probation (history, purpose, uses/abuses)

Probation (history, purpose, uses/abuses)

Department of Homeland Security

Department of Homeland Security

Domestic Terrorist Groups (e.g., White Supremacists),

Domestic Terrorist Groups (e.g., White Supremacists),

Federal Bureau of Investigations

Federal Bureau of Investigations

Secure Fence Act (2006)

Secure Fence Act (2006)

War on Terror, the

War on Terror, the

Chain Gangs (definition, history, applications)

Chain Gangs (definition, history, applications)

Privacy

Privacy

Special Operation Forces (e.g., Navy SEALs, Army Delta, Marine Force Recon)

Special Operation Forces (e.g., Navy SEALs, Army Delta, Marine Force Recon)

National Security Agency

National Security Agency

Victim Offender Mediation/Reconciliation (Programs and Programming, examples of)

Victim Offender Mediation/Reconciliation (Programs and Programming, examples of)

Women, Girls, and the Body

Women, Girls, and the Body

Orwell, George (Ninety-Eighty-Four, “Big Brother”)

Orwell, George (Ninety-Eighty-Four, “Big Brother”)

Whistle Blowers (history and practices)

Whistle Blowers (history and practices)

Work Surveillance

Work Surveillance

Consumer Protection Agency

Consumer Protection Agency

Locke, John (on liberty and security)

Locke, John (on liberty and security)

Adam Walsh Child Protection and Safety Act, the (2006)

Adam Walsh Child Protection and Safety Act, the (2006)

RFID (“tagging”) and geolocation devices (commercial uses and examples)

RFID (“tagging”) and geolocation devices (commercial uses and examples)

Incapacitation (as crime control policy, examples of, effectiveness)

Incapacitation (as crime control policy, examples of, effectiveness)

Agency (as free will, as ability to choose)

Agency (as free will, as ability to choose)

Bentham, Jeremy (on liberty)

Bentham, Jeremy (on liberty)

Civil War (and espionage)

Civil War (and espionage)

Hoover, J. Edgar (uses and abuses of surveillance,)

Hoover, J. Edgar (uses and abuses of surveillance,)

Anti-War Protest Surveillance, 1960s

Anti-War Protest Surveillance, 1960s

Iceland

Iceland

WikiLeaks

WikiLeaks

McCarthyism

McCarthyism

Cyber-stalking

Cyber-stalking

Insanity (e.g., McNaughton rule and affirmative defenses)

Insanity (e.g., McNaughton rule and affirmative defenses)

Psychological Assessment (adult and juvenile evaluation protocols)

Psychological Assessment (adult and juvenile evaluation protocols)

Franklin, Benjamin (on surveillance/security/liberty)

Franklin, Benjamin (on surveillance/security/liberty)

Highway and Interstate Surveillance

Highway and Interstate Surveillance

Hobbes, Thomas (Leviathan, state of nature)

Hobbes, Thomas (Leviathan, state of nature)

Kafka, Franz (secret bureaucracies, personal data, secret courts, secret laws)

Kafka, Franz (secret bureaucracies, personal data, secret courts, secret laws)

Traffic Control

Traffic Control

Alcoholic Anonymous (tradition 12-Step Programming, criticisms of)

Alcoholic Anonymous (tradition 12-Step Programming, criticisms of)

Chicago, Illinois (surveillance in)

Chicago, Illinois (surveillance in)

Israel

Israel

Meghan’s Law

Meghan’s Law

Supermax Prisons

Supermax Prisons

Governing through crime (would-be offenders/offending, surveillance and security)

Governing through crime (would-be offenders/offending, surveillance and security)

Punishment and Society (the pains of imprisonment, as cultural critique)

Punishment and Society (the pains of imprisonment, as cultural critique)

Trinidad and Tobago

Trinidad and Tobago

Autonomy

Autonomy

Cyber-war

Cyber-war

Drone Strikes (military uses, examples of)

Drone Strikes (military uses, examples of)

Morality (e.g., moral reasoning, moral psychology, moral philosophy)

Morality (e.g., moral reasoning, moral psychology, moral philosophy)

NSA Leaks (e.g., Snowden)

NSA Leaks (e.g., Snowden)

Terrorism

Terrorism

Swatting Hack

Swatting Hack

Carrier Pigeons and Surveillance (history, uses, government reliance on)

Carrier Pigeons and Surveillance (history, uses, government reliance on)

Cults (as deviant/violent sub-cultures, examples of)

Cults (as deviant/violent sub-cultures, examples of)

Violence against Women’s Act, the

Violence against Women’s Act, the

Capital Punishment (as representing the “conscience” of society/polity)

Capital Punishment (as representing the “conscience” of society/polity)

Emergency Alert Systems

Emergency Alert Systems

Germany

Germany

Drug Trade (and other forms of smuggling)

Drug Trade (and other forms of smuggling)

Espionage in Ancient Egypt

Espionage in Ancient Egypt

Hamas

Hamas

Movie Theater Security

Movie Theater Security

Global Surveillance

Global Surveillance

Intelligence Community

Intelligence Community

Surveillance Investigator

Surveillance Investigator

Revolutions and Revolts ( definitions, examples, impacts)

Revolutions and Revolts ( definitions, examples, impacts)

Counter Surveillance

Counter Surveillance

Inverse Surveillance (e.g., the digital recording of police activities, military groups, worksites/stations by citizens)

Inverse Surveillance (e.g., the digital recording of police activities, military groups, worksites/stations by citizens)

Sousveillance (e.g., Rodney King and Reginald Denny incidents)

Sousveillance (e.g., Rodney King and Reginald Denny incidents)

Death Row

Death Row

U.N. Peacekeeping (and Security) Forces

U.N. Peacekeeping (and Security) Forces

Marxism

Marxism

Abu Ghraib

Abu Ghraib

Corporate Personhood (legal debate, case law)

Corporate Personhood (legal debate, case law)

Tea Party (U.S.A.)

Tea Party (U.S.A.)

Hate Crimes (definition, history, case law examples)

Hate Crimes (definition, history, case law examples)

Voyeurism, digital (pleasures of being watched)

Voyeurism, digital (pleasures of being watched)

You-Tube

You-Tube

Free Speech (e.g., controversial examples in education, health care)

Free Speech (e.g., controversial examples in education, health care)

Responsibility

Responsibility

Segregation

Segregation

Marshall Law

Marshall Law

Surveillance (World War I and II)

Surveillance (World War I and II)

Cyber-bullying

Cyber-bullying

Parole (history, purpose, uses/abuses)

Parole (history, purpose, uses/abuses)

Prisons and Jails (i.e., institutionalization, importation and deprivation modes)

Prisons and Jails (i.e., institutionalization, importation and deprivation modes)

Paternalism and Parens Patriae

Paternalism and Parens Patriae

Private Prisons (privatization industry, examples of, effectiveness)

Private Prisons (privatization industry, examples of, effectiveness)

Global Mobility

Global Mobility

Segregation Units in Jails

Segregation Units in Jails

Stigma (forms of, uses of)

Stigma (forms of, uses of)

Republican Party (U.S.A.)

Republican Party (U.S.A.)

Equality (e.g., in relation to digital surveillance culture)

Equality (e.g., in relation to digital surveillance culture)

Identity Politics

Identity Politics

COPWATCH (as database on police accountability, applications and important cases)

COPWATCH (as database on police accountability, applications and important cases)

Djibouti

Djibouti

TASERS (and other less-than-lethal force, uses/abuses)

TASERS (and other less-than-lethal force, uses/abuses)

Habeas Corpus (history and case law examples)

Habeas Corpus (history and case law examples)

Privacy, Medical

Privacy, Medical

Watergate and White House Tapes

Watergate and White House Tapes

Law

Law

Cybersecurity Legislation

Cybersecurity Legislation

Information Warfare

Information Warfare

International Diplomacy

International Diplomacy

Law and Digital Technology (the emergent legal landscape of surveillance/security)

Law and Digital Technology (the emergent legal landscape of surveillance/security)

NATO

NATO

U.S. Constitution

U.S. Constitution

Gated Communities

Gated Communities

Vagrancy Laws

Vagrancy Laws

Crime Mapping

Crime Mapping

New York, New York (surveillance in)

New York, New York (surveillance in)

Stand Your Ground” Laws (controversial cases and statutes)

Stand Your Ground” Laws (controversial cases and statutes)

Narcissism

Narcissism

Political Psychology

Political Psychology

Political Action Committees (influence on security, civil liberties)

Political Action Committees (influence on security, civil liberties)

Facebook

Facebook

Situationists, the (history and class consciousness, specatcle)

Situationists, the (history and class consciousness, specatcle)

Corporate Surveillance (i.e., “business intelligence” with consumers and desirable goods/services)

Corporate Surveillance (i.e., “business intelligence” with consumers and desirable goods/services)

Dumpster Diving (as related to surveillance/privacy)

Dumpster Diving (as related to surveillance/privacy)

Knowledge

Knowledge

Play-dates and Play-spaces

Play-dates and Play-spaces

Cloud Computing

Cloud Computing

Border Control Checkpoints

Border Control Checkpoints

Deleuze, Gilles and Guattari, Felix (e.g., control society, schizo-analysis, body-without-organs)

Deleuze, Gilles and Guattari, Felix (e.g., control society, schizo-analysis, body-without-organs)

Medieval Castles (architectural design, surveillance defense)

Medieval Castles (architectural design, surveillance defense)

Internment Camps

Internment Camps

U.S. Customs and Border Protection (Border Security)

U.S. Customs and Border Protection (Border Security)

iPhones

iPhones

Spectacle, the

Spectacle, the

Surveillance (Age of Reason)

Surveillance (Age of Reason)

Citizenship

Citizenship

Computer Surveillance

Computer Surveillance

Greece

Greece

Politics

Politics

Public Health, Surveillance in

Public Health, Surveillance in

Social Sorting (origins, definition, and applications)

Social Sorting (origins, definition, and applications)

Freedom of Information Act (FOIA)

Freedom of Information Act (FOIA)

Privacy Act of 1974

Privacy Act of 1974

UFO Surveillance (history, purpose, examples)

UFO Surveillance (history, purpose, examples)

Aerial Reconnaissance and Surveillance (definition, uses, and criticisms)

Aerial Reconnaissance and Surveillance (definition, uses, and criticisms)

Mountain Surveillance

Mountain Surveillance

Cyber-murder

Cyber-murder

London, England (surveillance in)

London, England (surveillance in)

Apple

Apple

Unregulated Cyber Currencies (e.g., Bitcoin)

Unregulated Cyber Currencies (e.g., Bitcoin)

INTERPOL

INTERPOL

Anti-Globalization

Anti-Globalization

Goffman, Erving (asylums, presentation of self, interaction rituals)

Goffman, Erving (asylums, presentation of self, interaction rituals)

Copenhagen School (security studies)

Copenhagen School (security studies)

Environmental Security

Environmental Security

Guantanamo Bay

Guantanamo Bay

International Relations Theory

International Relations Theory

Power

Power

American Protective League

American Protective League

U.S. Secret Service

U.S. Secret Service

Civil Liberties (definition of, developments in law)

Civil Liberties (definition of, developments in law)

Anonymous (against surveillance)

Anonymous (against surveillance)

Home Surveillance

Home Surveillance

Iran

Iran

United Kingdom

United Kingdom

Restraining Orders (history, purpose, uses/abuses, examples of)

Restraining Orders (history, purpose, uses/abuses, examples of)

Sex Offender Registries (history, purposes, uses/abuses)

Sex Offender Registries (history, purposes, uses/abuses)

Concentration Camps

Concentration Camps

Embargoes (economic)

Embargoes (economic)

Globalization (study of)

Globalization (study of)

Houston, TX (surveillance in)

Houston, TX (surveillance in)

Youth Detention Centers/Facilities

Youth Detention Centers/Facilities

Vehicle Tracking Systems

Vehicle Tracking Systems

Special Courts (substance abuse)

Special Courts (substance abuse)

Transparency

Transparency

International Monetary Fund

International Monetary Fund

Researching Cyber- crime (problems in methods)

Researching Cyber- crime (problems in methods)

Life without Parole

Life without Parole

Ethiopia

Ethiopia

India

India

Communication Studies

Communication Studies

Google Earth

Google Earth

Amnesty International

Amnesty International

Guatemala

Guatemala

ATM Cards

ATM Cards

Disinformation Campaigns (description, examples of)

Disinformation Campaigns (description, examples of)

Surveillance & Society (Journal history, mission, and scope)

Surveillance & Society (Journal history, mission, and scope)

Arab Spring

Arab Spring

Global Justice

Global Justice

Breathometer and Breathalyzer Machines (uses/abuses, examples of)

Breathometer and Breathalyzer Machines (uses/abuses, examples of)

Eminent Domain (definition, history, uses/abuses)

Eminent Domain (definition, history, uses/abuses)

Federal Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act , the

Federal Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act , the

Neuroscience and Brain Biology

Neuroscience and Brain Biology

Sex Offender Laws

Sex Offender Laws

Military Intelligence Gathering Capabilities

Military Intelligence Gathering Capabilities

Wire Taps

Wire Taps

Immigration

Immigration

City-wide Sweeps of the Homeless

City-wide Sweeps of the Homeless

Machine Learning

Machine Learning

Email

Email

Google

Google

New Social Media

New Social Media

Blockades (history, uses, examples of)

Blockades (history, uses, examples of)

Stuxnet Virus Attack

Stuxnet Virus Attack

Methadone Treatment

Methadone Treatment

Monitor vs. Merrimac (i.e. Battle of Hampton Road – Civil War)

Monitor vs. Merrimac (i.e. Battle of Hampton Road – Civil War)

Amber Alerts (and international expansion)

Amber Alerts (and international expansion)

Parks

Parks

Critical Security Studies (Welsh School)

Critical Security Studies (Welsh School)

Digital Passwords

Digital Passwords

Synology Surveillance Station

Synology Surveillance Station

Garland, David (culture of control, social anxiety)

Garland, David (culture of control, social anxiety)

Slave Trade (past and present; New Jim Crow, the)

Slave Trade (past and present; New Jim Crow, the)

Marx, Gary T. (police and democracy, privacy and technology, surveillance and society)

Marx, Gary T. (police and democracy, privacy and technology, surveillance and society)

American Civil Liberties Union (and Electronic Privacy Information Center)

American Civil Liberties Union (and Electronic Privacy Information Center)

Castration, Chemical

Castration, Chemical

Castration, Surgical

Castration, Surgical

Civil Commitment (e.g. legal criteria, relevant case law examples)

Civil Commitment (e.g. legal criteria, relevant case law examples)

Deportation

Deportation

Substance Abuse Treatment Facilities

Substance Abuse Treatment Facilities

Specialty Courts (mental health)

Specialty Courts (mental health)

Infotainment

Infotainment

Biometric Surveillance (e.g., theory and science, applications)

Biometric Surveillance (e.g., theory and science, applications)

Libertarian Party (U.S.A.)

Libertarian Party (U.S.A.)

Scandals, Political (e.g., Anthony Weiner)

Scandals, Political (e.g., Anthony Weiner)

Anti-Defamation League

Anti-Defamation League

Surveillance Deterrence (uses, impact)

Surveillance Deterrence (uses, impact)

Wrist/Ankle Monitoring Devices

Wrist/Ankle Monitoring Devices

Texting

Texting

Watchdog Groups

Watchdog Groups

Civil Disobedience (examples of)

Civil Disobedience (examples of)

Traitors (controversial examples of)

Traitors (controversial examples of)

Taliban

Taliban

Cyber-prostitution

Cyber-prostitution

Drug Therapies (surveillance of the body; forms of self/social control)

Drug Therapies (surveillance of the body; forms of self/social control)

Freedom of Expression (recent 1st Amendment challenges/changes)

Freedom of Expression (recent 1st Amendment challenges/changes)

Electronic Harassment

Electronic Harassment

Mental Disability Law

Mental Disability Law

Port Security

Port Security

News Media (24/7 cycles)

News Media (24/7 cycles)

Specialty Courts (domestic violence)

Specialty Courts (domestic violence)

North Korea

North Korea

Deviance (e.g., in relation to digital surveillance culture)

Deviance (e.g., in relation to digital surveillance culture)

Drug Testing Kits (developments in technology, uses/abuses, examples of)

Drug Testing Kits (developments in technology, uses/abuses, examples of)

Fingerprints (uses for surveillance; uses for computer security)

Fingerprints (uses for surveillance; uses for computer security)

Jennicam

Jennicam

Plethysmograph (measuring and controlling sexual arousal in sex offenders)

Plethysmograph (measuring and controlling sexual arousal in sex offenders)

Disease Model in Psychiatry (i.e., as bio-psycho-social science, as medicalization)

Disease Model in Psychiatry (i.e., as bio-psycho-social science, as medicalization)

Internet Pornography (adult/child)

Internet Pornography (adult/child)

Australia

Australia

Biosurveillance Industry (e..g, bio-diversity, species identification, DNA bar-coding surveillance)

Biosurveillance Industry (e..g, bio-diversity, species identification, DNA bar-coding surveillance)

Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)

Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)

China

China

Bioengineering

Bioengineering

Life Science Surveillance and Security

Life Science Surveillance and Security

KGB

KGB

Paparazzi

Paparazzi

Telemetric Policing

Telemetric Policing

Voting (including technological advances, secret ballots)

Voting (including technological advances, secret ballots)

Cuba

Cuba

Iraq

Iraq

Syria

Syria

Bioinformatics

Bioinformatics

Health Management Organizations

Health Management Organizations

Canada

Canada

Data Mining and Profiling (in psychology)

Data Mining and Profiling (in psychology)

Diplomatic Envoys

Diplomatic Envoys

Bot-nets

Bot-nets

Culture (e.g., virtual realities, liquid identities)

Culture (e.g., virtual realities, liquid identities)

Dictators and Dictatorships (e.g., Osama bin Laden)

Dictators and Dictatorships (e.g., Osama bin Laden)

Nine/Eleven 9/11 (New York City, Washington DC, Shanksville, PA)

Nine/Eleven 9/11 (New York City, Washington DC, Shanksville, PA)

Russia

Russia

United States

United States

Constructivism

Constructivism

Cyber-marketing

Cyber-marketing

Electronic Restraint Devices (in prisons/jails, uses/abuses)

Electronic Restraint Devices (in prisons/jails, uses/abuses)

Scanners (uses/abuses)

Scanners (uses/abuses)

Anti-Psychiatry (worldwide)

Anti-Psychiatry (worldwide)

Transportation Security Administration

Transportation Security Administration

Religion, Organized

Religion, Organized

Sociality

Sociality

Peace Agreements (examples of)

Peace Agreements (examples of)

Technology

Technology

Cosmopolitanism (e.g., new directions)

Cosmopolitanism (e.g., new directions)

Mental Health In-Patient Facilities (institutionalization, medicalization)

Mental Health In-Patient Facilities (institutionalization, medicalization)

MySpace

MySpace

Mexico

Mexico

Conformity (e.g. in relation to digital surveillance culture)

Conformity (e.g. in relation to digital surveillance culture)

Creeping (definition and examples of)

Creeping (definition and examples of)

Threat Assessment (history, purpose, uses/abuses)

Threat Assessment (history, purpose, uses/abuses)

Ancient Greek Surveillance

Ancient Greek Surveillance

Drug Testing (at work, in college-level and professional sports)

Drug Testing (at work, in college-level and professional sports)

Choice

Choice

Modernism

Modernism

South Africa

South Africa

Apartheid

Apartheid

Security Theater

Security Theater

Online Shopping

Online Shopping

Torture (uses and examples)

Torture (uses and examples)

Identity Theft

Identity Theft

Commodification of the Body (as site of corporeal and digital contestation)

Commodification of the Body (as site of corporeal and digital contestation)

Drug Trafficking

Drug Trafficking

Immigration and Naturalization Service

Immigration and Naturalization Service

Psychotherapy

Psychotherapy

Crime (e.g., in relation to digital surveillance)

Crime (e.g., in relation to digital surveillance)

Cyber-cities

Cyber-cities

Cyber-theft

Cyber-theft

Security and Exchange Commission

Security and Exchange Commission

Warrants (uses/abuses in searches and uses/abuses in arrests)

Warrants (uses/abuses in searches and uses/abuses in arrests)

National Security (as political-economic interests)

National Security (as political-economic interests)

Jacob Wetterling Crimes against Children and Sexually Violent Offender Registration Act

Jacob Wetterling Crimes against Children and Sexually Violent Offender Registration Act

Shopping Mall Security

Shopping Mall Security

Political Dissidents (examples of)

Political Dissidents (examples of)

Libya

Libya

Offender Re-entry Programs

Offender Re-entry Programs

Eugenics Industrial Complex

Eugenics Industrial Complex

Military Industrial Complex

Military Industrial Complex

Self-Deportation

Self-Deportation

Crime Control

Crime Control

Weapons of Mass Destruction

Weapons of Mass Destruction

Legal Moralism

Legal Moralism

Social Justice

Social Justice

Volume 1

  • List of Entries
  • Reader’s Guide
  • About the Editor
  • Contributors
  • Introduction

Entries

  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D
  • E

Volume 2

  • List of Entries

Entries

  • F
  • G
  • H
  • I
  • J
  • K
  • L
  • M
  • N
  • O
  • P

Volume 3

  • List of Entries

Entries

  • P
  • R
  • S
  • T
  • U
  • V
  • W
  • Y

Index

Index

SAGE Publishing Logo

The SAGE Encyclopedia of Surveillance, Security, and Privacy


February 2018 | 1248 pages | Sage US

Format Published Date ISBN Price
Hardcover 31/05/2018 9781483359946 $425.00
180 Day Ebook 25/10/2022 9781483359953 $234.00
Lifetime 25/10/2022 9781483359953 $340.00

Although surveillance hit the headlines with revelations by Edward Snowden that the National Security Agency had been tracking phone calls worldwide, surveillance of citizens by their governments actually has been conducted for centuries. Only now, with the advent of modern technologies, it has exponentially evolved so that today you can barely step out your door without being watched or recorded in some way. In addition to the political and security surveillance unveiled by the Snowden revelations, think about corporate surveillance: each swipe of your ID card to enter your office is recorded, not to mention your Internet activity. Or economic surveillance: what you buy online or with a credit card is recorded and your trip to the supermarket is videotaped. Drive through a tollbooth, and your license plate is recorded. Simply walk down a street and your image could be recorded again and again and again. Where does this begin and end?

In all levels of social structure, from the personal to the political to the economic to the judicial, The SAGE Encyclopedia of Surveillance, Security, and Privacy uncovers and explains how surveillance has come to be an integral part of how our contemporary society operates worldwide and how it impacts our security and privacy.


Key Features:

  • Approximately 450 signed entries from contributors around the globe
  • Further readings and cross-references conclude each article to guide students further as they explore a topic
  • A Reader's Guide organizes entries by broad thematic areas

Table Of Contents:

  • Latour, Bruno (science in action; reassembling the social; modes of existence; nature, politics, technology)
  • Advertising and Marketing Research (e.g., bar codes on grocery items, target marketing)
  • DNA Technology (theory, science, applications, criticisms)
  • Matrix, The (films)
  • Stop and Frisk
  • European Treaty of Human Rights
  • Katz v, Reasoning (reasonable expectation test)
  • Kyllo v. U.S. (2001) (thermal imaging)
  • CCTV (strength/limits and applications)
  • School Surveillance (primary and secondary schools)
  • Ethics (e.g., professionalism, workplace norms, institutional codes of conduct)
  • Mass Incarceration
  • Solitary Confinement (uses/abuses, examples)
  • Abortion (women’s bodies, “informed consent” state statutory provisions, mandatory ultrasounds)
  • Digital Divide
  • Sexting
  • Foucault, Michel (disciplinary society, bio-power, dispositif)
  • Italy
  • New Penology
  • Sovereignty
  • Surveillance (theories of)
  • Airport Terminal Security Screenings
  • Passenger Profiling (at airports)
  • Parental Surveillance
  • Profiling, Racial
  • Nuclear War (e.g., Hiroshima, Nagasaki)
  • Anti-nuclear Movement (worldwide)
  • Anti-War Movement (history in U.S.)
  • Nuclear Treaties (history, development)
  • Truman Doctrine (containment policy)
  • Cell Phone Tracking
  • Information Security
  • Intellectual Property Rights
  • Open Source Computing
  • Para-Military Operations
  • Riot Control (in jails/prisons, in communities and neighborhoods, examples of)
  • Big Data
  • Dataveillance
  • Drones (commercial applications)
  • Neighborhood Watch Programs and Citizen Patrol (history, purpose, uses, effectiveness)
  • Smart Borders
  • Spain
  • Truth
  • Security, Concepts of (e.g., assurance, risk, vulnerability, countermeasure)
  • Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act [FISA]
  • War on Drugs, the
  • Privacy (on the Internet)
  • Propaganda (uses/abuses, examples of)
  • Brazil
  • Synopticon, the
  • Minority Report (film)
  • Brown v. Board of Education (1952)
  • Catholic Church (the problem of pedophile priests)
  • Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)
  • Religious Freedom Restoration Act (1993)
  • Affordable Healthcare Act (debate, impact, status)
  • Data Mining and Profiling (in social network analysis)
  • Tet Offensive (history and aftermath)
  • Camp David Accord
  • Iran-Contra Affair
  • Glasnost
  • Espionage
  • Nazism
  • PATRIOT Act
  • Passenger Data (airports)
  • Lie Detectors Instrumentation (developments in technology, applications and polygraph testing)
  • Cookies
  • Data-doubles
  • Privacy, Types of (personal, informational, organizational)
  • Biblical Surveillance
  • Hunger Games (films)
  • U.S. v. Jones (2012) (GPS on cars)
  • Fast Capitalism (critical theory, examples of)
  • Post-Structural Theory
  • Subjectivity (crisis of, liquid identities)
  • Network Security
  • Social Network Analysis
  • COINTELPRO
  • Cultural Studies
  • Governmentality (Foucault’s micro-physics of power)
  • Panopticon, the
  • Fear, Culture of
  • Securitization (as speech act)
  • Social Control (as concept, study of)
  • Policing and Society (the changing nature of surveillance and security)
  • Society of Captives Thesis
  • Adorno, Theodor (culture industry, negative dialectics and mass surveillance)
  • Benjamin, Walter (aesthetic theory, on the concept of history, escape from Nazis, suicide, arcades project)
  • Frankfurt School (discussion of its socio-cultural criticisms)
  • Gramsci, Antonio (governmental surveillance, hegemony, reification)
  • Beijing, China (surveillance in)
  • Spies (e.g., examples of)
  • Totalitarian Surveillance Societies
  • Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission (2010)
  • Risk Society Thesis
  • Surveillant Assemblage (definition and examples of)
  • Authoritarianism
  • Berlin Wall
  • Cold War, The
  • Cuban Missile Crisis
  • Détente
  • Diplomacy
  • Fascism
  • Perestroika
  • Police State (examples of)
  • Surveillance (Cold War)
  • United Nations (definition, history, and purpose)
  • Bio-political tattooing (definition, uses, and criticisms)
  • E-government
  • Privacy, Right to
  • Colonialism
  • Community
  • Global Village
  • Moral Panic (theories of)
  • Municipal Surveillance (cities and towns generally)
  • Nigeria
  • Private Law Enforcement (history, purpose, uses/abuses, examples of)
  • Punishment
  • School Surveillance (college and university campuses)
  • Search and Seizure (recent Fourth Amendment challenges/changes)
  • Social Contract Theory
  • Airport Security (strengths/limits in U.S. and other locales around the world)
  • Human Trafficking
  • Post-colonialism
  • Security Screenings (sporting events)
  • Anarchism (theories of, customs and practices, examples of)
  • Beck, Ulrech (globalization, risk thesis, cosmopolitanism)
  • Iranian Hostage Crisis (1979)
  • National Security Council
  • U.S. v. Miller (1976)
  • Al Qaeda
  • Bill of Rights
  • Hepting v. AT&T
  • Tarasoff v. Regents of the University of California (1976) (duty to warn)
  • U.S. v. Spy Factory, Inc.
  • Curfews
  • Probation (history, purpose, uses/abuses)
  • Department of Homeland Security
  • Domestic Terrorist Groups (e.g., White Supremacists),
  • Federal Bureau of Investigations
  • Secure Fence Act (2006)
  • War on Terror, the
  • Chain Gangs (definition, history, applications)
  • Privacy
  • Special Operation Forces (e.g., Navy SEALs, Army Delta, Marine Force Recon)
  • National Security Agency
  • Victim Offender Mediation/Reconciliation (Programs and Programming, examples of)
  • Women, Girls, and the Body
  • Orwell, George (Ninety-Eighty-Four, “Big Brother”)
  • Whistle Blowers (history and practices)
  • Work Surveillance
  • Consumer Protection Agency
  • Locke, John (on liberty and security)
  • Adam Walsh Child Protection and Safety Act, the (2006)
  • RFID (“tagging”) and geolocation devices (commercial uses and examples)
  • Incapacitation (as crime control policy, examples of, effectiveness)
  • Agency (as free will, as ability to choose)
  • Bentham, Jeremy (on liberty)
  • Civil War (and espionage)
  • Hoover, J. Edgar (uses and abuses of surveillance,)
  • Anti-War Protest Surveillance, 1960s
  • Iceland
  • WikiLeaks
  • McCarthyism
  • Cyber-stalking
  • Insanity (e.g., McNaughton rule and affirmative defenses)
  • Psychological Assessment (adult and juvenile evaluation protocols)
  • Franklin, Benjamin (on surveillance/security/liberty)
  • Highway and Interstate Surveillance
  • Hobbes, Thomas (Leviathan, state of nature)
  • Kafka, Franz (secret bureaucracies, personal data, secret courts, secret laws)
  • Traffic Control
  • Alcoholic Anonymous (tradition 12-Step Programming, criticisms of)
  • Chicago, Illinois (surveillance in)
  • Israel
  • Meghan’s Law
  • Supermax Prisons
  • Governing through crime (would-be offenders/offending, surveillance and security)
  • Punishment and Society (the pains of imprisonment, as cultural critique)
  • Trinidad and Tobago
  • Autonomy
  • Cyber-war
  • Drone Strikes (military uses, examples of)
  • Morality (e.g., moral reasoning, moral psychology, moral philosophy)
  • NSA Leaks (e.g., Snowden)
  • Terrorism
  • Swatting Hack
  • Carrier Pigeons and Surveillance (history, uses, government reliance on)
  • Cults (as deviant/violent sub-cultures, examples of)
  • Violence against Women’s Act, the
  • Capital Punishment (as representing the “conscience” of society/polity)
  • Emergency Alert Systems
  • Germany
  • Drug Trade (and other forms of smuggling)
  • Espionage in Ancient Egypt
  • Hamas
  • Movie Theater Security
  • Global Surveillance
  • Intelligence Community
  • Surveillance Investigator
  • Revolutions and Revolts ( definitions, examples, impacts)
  • Counter Surveillance
  • Inverse Surveillance (e.g., the digital recording of police activities, military groups, worksites/stations by citizens)
  • Sousveillance (e.g., Rodney King and Reginald Denny incidents)
  • Death Row
  • U.N. Peacekeeping (and Security) Forces
  • Marxism
  • Abu Ghraib
  • Corporate Personhood (legal debate, case law)
  • Tea Party (U.S.A.)
  • Hate Crimes (definition, history, case law examples)
  • Voyeurism, digital (pleasures of being watched)
  • You-Tube
  • Free Speech (e.g., controversial examples in education, health care)
  • Responsibility
  • Segregation
  • Marshall Law
  • Surveillance (World War I and II)
  • Cyber-bullying
  • Parole (history, purpose, uses/abuses)
  • Prisons and Jails (i.e., institutionalization, importation and deprivation modes)
  • Paternalism and Parens Patriae
  • Private Prisons (privatization industry, examples of, effectiveness)
  • Global Mobility
  • Segregation Units in Jails
  • Stigma (forms of, uses of)
  • Republican Party (U.S.A.)
  • Equality (e.g., in relation to digital surveillance culture)
  • Identity Politics
  • COPWATCH (as database on police accountability, applications and important cases)
  • Djibouti
  • TASERS (and other less-than-lethal force, uses/abuses)
  • Habeas Corpus (history and case law examples)
  • Privacy, Medical
  • Watergate and White House Tapes
  • Law
  • Cybersecurity Legislation
  • Information Warfare
  • International Diplomacy
  • Law and Digital Technology (the emergent legal landscape of surveillance/security)
  • NATO
  • U.S. Constitution
  • Gated Communities
  • Vagrancy Laws
  • Crime Mapping
  • New York, New York (surveillance in)
  • Stand Your Ground” Laws (controversial cases and statutes)
  • Narcissism
  • Political Psychology
  • Political Action Committees (influence on security, civil liberties)
  • Facebook
  • Situationists, the (history and class consciousness, specatcle)
  • Corporate Surveillance (i.e., “business intelligence” with consumers and desirable goods/services)
  • Dumpster Diving (as related to surveillance/privacy)
  • Knowledge
  • Play-dates and Play-spaces
  • Cloud Computing
  • Border Control Checkpoints
  • Deleuze, Gilles and Guattari, Felix (e.g., control society, schizo-analysis, body-without-organs)
  • Medieval Castles (architectural design, surveillance defense)
  • Internment Camps
  • U.S. Customs and Border Protection (Border Security)
  • iPhones
  • Spectacle, the
  • Surveillance (Age of Reason)
  • Citizenship
  • Computer Surveillance
  • Greece
  • Politics
  • Public Health, Surveillance in
  • Social Sorting (origins, definition, and applications)
  • Freedom of Information Act (FOIA)
  • Privacy Act of 1974
  • UFO Surveillance (history, purpose, examples)
  • Aerial Reconnaissance and Surveillance (definition, uses, and criticisms)
  • Mountain Surveillance
  • Cyber-murder
  • London, England (surveillance in)
  • Apple
  • Unregulated Cyber Currencies (e.g., Bitcoin)
  • INTERPOL
  • Anti-Globalization
  • Goffman, Erving (asylums, presentation of self, interaction rituals)
  • Copenhagen School (security studies)
  • Environmental Security
  • Guantanamo Bay
  • International Relations Theory
  • Power
  • American Protective League
  • U.S. Secret Service
  • Civil Liberties (definition of, developments in law)
  • Anonymous (against surveillance)
  • Home Surveillance
  • Iran
  • United Kingdom
  • Restraining Orders (history, purpose, uses/abuses, examples of)
  • Sex Offender Registries (history, purposes, uses/abuses)
  • Concentration Camps
  • Embargoes (economic)
  • Globalization (study of)
  • Houston, TX (surveillance in)
  • Youth Detention Centers/Facilities
  • Vehicle Tracking Systems
  • Special Courts (substance abuse)
  • Transparency
  • International Monetary Fund
  • Researching Cyber- crime (problems in methods)
  • Life without Parole
  • Ethiopia
  • India
  • Communication Studies
  • Google Earth
  • Amnesty International
  • Guatemala
  • ATM Cards
  • Disinformation Campaigns (description, examples of)
  • Surveillance & Society (Journal history, mission, and scope)
  • Arab Spring
  • Global Justice
  • Breathometer and Breathalyzer Machines (uses/abuses, examples of)
  • Eminent Domain (definition, history, uses/abuses)
  • Federal Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act , the
  • Neuroscience and Brain Biology
  • Sex Offender Laws
  • Military Intelligence Gathering Capabilities
  • Wire Taps
  • Immigration
  • City-wide Sweeps of the Homeless
  • Machine Learning
  • Email
  • Google
  • New Social Media
  • Blockades (history, uses, examples of)
  • Stuxnet Virus Attack
  • Methadone Treatment
  • Monitor vs. Merrimac (i.e. Battle of Hampton Road – Civil War)
  • Amber Alerts (and international expansion)
  • Parks
  • Critical Security Studies (Welsh School)
  • Digital Passwords
  • Synology Surveillance Station
  • Garland, David (culture of control, social anxiety)
  • Slave Trade (past and present; New Jim Crow, the)
  • Marx, Gary T. (police and democracy, privacy and technology, surveillance and society)
  • American Civil Liberties Union (and Electronic Privacy Information Center)
  • Castration, Chemical
  • Castration, Surgical
  • Civil Commitment (e.g. legal criteria, relevant case law examples)
  • Deportation
  • Substance Abuse Treatment Facilities
  • Specialty Courts (mental health)
  • Infotainment
  • Biometric Surveillance (e.g., theory and science, applications)
  • Libertarian Party (U.S.A.)
  • Scandals, Political (e.g., Anthony Weiner)
  • Anti-Defamation League
  • Surveillance Deterrence (uses, impact)
  • Wrist/Ankle Monitoring Devices
  • Texting
  • Watchdog Groups
  • Civil Disobedience (examples of)
  • Traitors (controversial examples of)
  • Taliban
  • Cyber-prostitution
  • Drug Therapies (surveillance of the body; forms of self/social control)
  • Freedom of Expression (recent 1st Amendment challenges/changes)
  • Electronic Harassment
  • Mental Disability Law
  • Port Security
  • News Media (24/7 cycles)
  • Specialty Courts (domestic violence)
  • North Korea
  • Deviance (e.g., in relation to digital surveillance culture)
  • Drug Testing Kits (developments in technology, uses/abuses, examples of)
  • Fingerprints (uses for surveillance; uses for computer security)
  • Jennicam
  • Plethysmograph (measuring and controlling sexual arousal in sex offenders)
  • Disease Model in Psychiatry (i.e., as bio-psycho-social science, as medicalization)
  • Internet Pornography (adult/child)
  • Australia
  • Biosurveillance Industry (e..g, bio-diversity, species identification, DNA bar-coding surveillance)
  • Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)
  • China
  • Bioengineering
  • Life Science Surveillance and Security
  • KGB
  • Paparazzi
  • Telemetric Policing
  • Voting (including technological advances, secret ballots)
  • Cuba
  • Iraq
  • Syria
  • Bioinformatics
  • Health Management Organizations
  • Canada
  • Data Mining and Profiling (in psychology)
  • Diplomatic Envoys
  • Bot-nets
  • Culture (e.g., virtual realities, liquid identities)
  • Dictators and Dictatorships (e.g., Osama bin Laden)
  • Nine/Eleven 9/11 (New York City, Washington DC, Shanksville, PA)
  • Russia
  • United States
  • Constructivism
  • Cyber-marketing
  • Electronic Restraint Devices (in prisons/jails, uses/abuses)
  • Scanners (uses/abuses)
  • Anti-Psychiatry (worldwide)
  • Transportation Security Administration
  • Religion, Organized
  • Sociality
  • Peace Agreements (examples of)
  • Technology
  • Cosmopolitanism (e.g., new directions)
  • Mental Health In-Patient Facilities (institutionalization, medicalization)
  • MySpace
  • Mexico
  • Conformity (e.g. in relation to digital surveillance culture)
  • Creeping (definition and examples of)
  • Threat Assessment (history, purpose, uses/abuses)
  • Ancient Greek Surveillance
  • Drug Testing (at work, in college-level and professional sports)
  • Choice
  • Modernism
  • South Africa
  • Apartheid
  • Security Theater
  • Online Shopping
  • Torture (uses and examples)
  • Identity Theft
  • Commodification of the Body (as site of corporeal and digital contestation)
  • Drug Trafficking
  • Immigration and Naturalization Service
  • Psychotherapy
  • Crime (e.g., in relation to digital surveillance)
  • Cyber-cities
  • Cyber-theft
  • Security and Exchange Commission
  • Warrants (uses/abuses in searches and uses/abuses in arrests)
  • National Security (as political-economic interests)
  • Jacob Wetterling Crimes against Children and Sexually Violent Offender Registration Act
  • Shopping Mall Security
  • Political Dissidents (examples of)
  • Libya
  • Offender Re-entry Programs
  • Eugenics Industrial Complex
  • Military Industrial Complex
  • Self-Deportation
  • Crime Control
  • Weapons of Mass Destruction
  • Legal Moralism
  • Social Justice
  • Volume 1
  • List of Entries
  • Reader’s Guide
  • About the Editor
  • Contributors
  • Introduction
  • Entries
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D
  • E
  • Volume 2
  • List of Entries
  • Entries
  • F
  • G
  • H
  • I
  • J
  • K
  • L
  • M
  • N
  • O
  • P
  • Volume 3
  • List of Entries
  • Entries
  • P
  • R
  • S
  • T
  • U
  • V
  • W
  • Y
  • Index

Recent Product Reviews:

This three-volume set is an excellent resource for scholars or professionals. Both breadth and depth of information on surveillance, security, and privacy are available with the scope from historical backgrounds to very up-to-date facts. This set is encyclopedic in coverage of this essential topic, one that is becoming more important and relevant each day. This comprehensive work about a very important subject is highly recommended for academic libraries and independent scholars or professionals in the field.
CHOICE staff reviewer, CHOICE
"Highly recommended to academic and public libraries."
ARBA Staff Reviewer

Recommendations