Research Basics

Design to Data Analysis in Six Steps

James V. (Vernon) Spickard - University of Redlands

Educational Research | Sociological Research Methods | Research Methods

September 2016 | 424 pages | Sage US

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Description

Research Basics: Design to Data Analysis in Six Steps offers a fresh and creative approach to the research process based on author James V. Spickard’s decades of teaching experience. Using an intuitive six-step model, readers learn how to craft a research question and then identify a logical process for answering it. Conversational writing and multi-disciplinary examples illuminate the model’s simplicity and power, effectively connecting the “hows” and “whys” behind social science research. Students using this book will learn how to turn their research questions into results.

For Instructors: Why This Book?

What Lies Ahead

Acknowledgments

About the Author

Introduction

Why a Six-Step Formula?
Looking Ahead

PART ONE THE SIX STEPS

Chapter 1 Step 1: Develop a Good Research Question
Start With a Research Topic
From Topic to Question
An Example: Mass Transit
Making Decisions
Search the Literature
Recraft Your Research Question
Questions Based on the Literature
Three More Possibilities
Start Your Research Proposal
The Parts of a Proposal
A Proposal in Brief: The Concept Paper
Review Questions
Notes
Chapter 2 Step 2: Choose a Logical Structure for Your Research
Three Examples
1. Comparing Outcomes
2. Systematic Description
3. Seeking Correlations
Ten Logical Structures for Research
1. True Experiments
2. Quasi-Experiments
3. Ex Post Facto Research
4. Correlational Research
5. Descriptive Research
6. Case Studies
7. Historical Research
8. Longitudinal Research
9. Meta-Analysis
10. Action Research
Matching Logical Structure to the Research Question
Review Questions
Notes
Chapter 3 Step 3: Identify the Type of Data You Need
Fourteen Types of Data
1. Acts, Behavior, or Events
2. Reports of Acts, Behavior, or Events
3. Economic Data
4. Organizational Data
5. Demographic Data
6. Self-Identity
7. Shallow Opinions and Attitudes
8. Deeply Held Opinions and Attitudes
9. Personal Feelings
10. Cultural Knowledge
11. Expert Knowledge
12. Personal and Psychological Traits
13. Experience as It Presents Itself to Consciousness
14. Hidden Social Patterns
Review Questions
Notes
Chapter 4 Step 4: Pick a Data Collection Method
Match Your Method to Your Data
Data Type 1: Acts, Behavior, or Events
Data Type 2: Reports of Acts, Behavior, or Events
Data Types 3, 4, and 5: Economic, Organizational, and Demographic Data
Data Type 6: Self-Identity
Data Types 7 and 8: Shallow and Deeply Held Opinions and Attitudes
Data Type 9: Personal Feelings
Three Examples (that include data types 10-12)
Example 1: Mass Transit and Property Values
Example 2: Mass Transit and Street Life
Example 3: Best Places to Work
Data Type 13: Experience as It Presents Itself to Consciousness
Hidden Social Patterns
Research Ethics
Unethical Research
Implementing Ethical Practices
Institutional Review Boards
Review Questions
Notes
Chapter 5 Step 5: Choose Your Data Collection Site
Demographic and Economic Data
Opinions, Identities, and Reports of Acts at a Shallow Level
Populations and Samples
Sample Size, Margin of Error, and Confidence Level
Observable Behavior
Deeply Held Opinions and Attitudes
Cultural and Expert Knowledge
Hidden Social Patterns
The Remaining Data Types
Review Questions
Notes
Chapter 6 Step 6: Pick a Data Analysis Method
Preliminary Questions
What Kind of Analysis Does Your Research Question Require?
What Form Does Your Data Take?
What Is Your Unit of Observation? What Is Your Unit of Analysis?
Working With Numeric Data: Describing
Working With Numeric Data: Comparing
Interval/Ratio Data
Ordinal and Categorical Data
Identifying Cause
What Statistical Test Should I Use?
Three Fallacies
Working With Qualitative Data
Respondent-Centered Versus Researcher-Centered Analysis
Coding
Internal Versus External Coding
Qualitative Data Analysis (QDA) Software
Warnings
Review Questions
Summarizing the Six Steps
Notes

PART TWO COLLECTING AND ANALYZING DIFFERENT TYPES OF DATA

Chapter 7 Comparing: Economic, Demographic, and Organizational Data
About Comparing
Comparing San Antonio and Portland
Comparing the 50 U.S. States
About Correlations
Three Examples
Comparing Places: Do Walkable Neighborhoods Improve Health?
Comparing Organizations: Does Treating Employees Well Increase Company Performance?
Comparing Schools: Do Charter Schools Improve Student Test Scores?
Research Ethics
Review Questions
Notes
Chapter 8 Surveying: Shallow Opinions, Identities, and Reports of Acts
Three Reminders
Two Examples
Studying School Safety
Kids’ Attitudes Toward Reading
Survey Data Analysis
Analyzing Interval/Ratio Survey Results
Analyzing Ordinal and Categorical Data
Practical Matters
Creating Your Questionnaire
Sampling (Again)
Surveying Online
Research Ethics
Review Questions
Notes
Chapter 9 Interviewing: Deep Talk to Gather Several Types of Data
Hermeneutic Interviews
An Example: “Motherloss”
How to Write an Interview Protocol
Coding Your Data
Interviews With Experts
Critical Incident Interviews
Focus Groups
Phenomenological Interviews
An Example
How Is It Done?
Other Types of Data
How Many Subjects?
Research Ethics
Review Questions
Notes
Chapter 10 Scales: Looking for Underlying Traits
Scales of Psychological Well-Being
Creating Scales
Using the Scales
Analyzing Scale Research
T-Tests and Analysis of Variance
Control Variables
Research Ethics
Review Questions
Notes
Chapter 11 Recording Behavior: Acts and Reports of Acts
Watching People
Watching Gender Speech
Collecting Self-Reports
A Variation: The Beeper Studies
Watching Animals
Watching Chimps
Ravens and Elephant-Shrews
What If They Hide?
Experiments
Experiments About Stereotype Threat
Experiments About Discrimination
Rules for Experiments
Research Ethics
Review Questions
Notes
Chapter 12 Finding Hidden Social Patterns: In Life, Texts, and Popular Culture
About Hidden Patterns
Analyzing Texts
Dreams as Texts
Other Texts
Analyzing Discourses
Critical Discourse Analysis
Two Examples
Analyzing Popular Culture: The Soaps
Research Ethics
Review Questions
Notes
Chapter 13 Ethnography: Exploring Cultural and Social Scenes
The Three Goals
Goal One: Seeing the World as the Participants See It
Goal Two: Watching What Participants Do
On Taking Field Notes
Goal Three: Understanding Hidden Patterns
What Doesn’t Matter
Steps to a Successful Ethnography
Gaining Access
Developing Rapport
Listening to Language
Being an Observed Observer
What About Objectivity?
Writing Your Results
A Word About Grounded Theory
Research Ethics
Review Questions
Notes
Chapter 14 Extended Example: Counting the Homeless
What Caused the Homeless Crisis?
Who Is Homeless?
How Can We Find and Count Street Homeless?
Peter Rossi’s Chicago Count
Martha Burt’s Weeklong Method
Counting San Bernardino
Conflicting Results
Correcting National Figures
Research Ethics
Reflections
Summary of the Six Steps
Notes

Research Guides and Handouts

Six-Steps Graphic: From Research Question to Data Analysis
What Is a Concept Paper?
How to Choose a Data Collection Method
A Template for Field Notes
How to Write an Interview Protocol
How Many Subjects? (for interview studies)
Interview Rule-of-Thumb Flowchart for Nonrandom Samples
What Statistical Tests Should I Use?

Glossary

Author Index

Subject Index

Additional materials

Description

For Instructors: Why This Book?

What Lies Ahead

Acknowledgments

About the Author

Introduction

Why a Six-Step Formula?
Looking Ahead

PART ONE THE SIX STEPS

Chapter 1 Step 1: Develop a Good Research Question
Start With a Research Topic
From Topic to Question
An Example: Mass Transit
Making Decisions
Search the Literature
Recraft Your Research Question
Questions Based on the Literature
Three More Possibilities
Start Your Research Proposal
The Parts of a Proposal
A Proposal in Brief: The Concept Paper
Review Questions
Notes
Chapter 2 Step 2: Choose a Logical Structure for Your Research
Three Examples
1. Comparing Outcomes
2. Systematic Description
3. Seeking Correlations
Ten Logical Structures for Research
1. True Experiments
2. Quasi-Experiments
3. Ex Post Facto Research
4. Correlational Research
5. Descriptive Research
6. Case Studies
7. Historical Research
8. Longitudinal Research
9. Meta-Analysis
10. Action Research
Matching Logical Structure to the Research Question
Review Questions
Notes
Chapter 3 Step 3: Identify the Type of Data You Need
Fourteen Types of Data
1. Acts, Behavior, or Events
2. Reports of Acts, Behavior, or Events
3. Economic Data
4. Organizational Data
5. Demographic Data
6. Self-Identity
7. Shallow Opinions and Attitudes
8. Deeply Held Opinions and Attitudes
9. Personal Feelings
10. Cultural Knowledge
11. Expert Knowledge
12. Personal and Psychological Traits
13. Experience as It Presents Itself to Consciousness
14. Hidden Social Patterns
Review Questions
Notes
Chapter 4 Step 4: Pick a Data Collection Method
Match Your Method to Your Data
Data Type 1: Acts, Behavior, or Events
Data Type 2: Reports of Acts, Behavior, or Events
Data Types 3, 4, and 5: Economic, Organizational, and Demographic Data
Data Type 6: Self-Identity
Data Types 7 and 8: Shallow and Deeply Held Opinions and Attitudes
Data Type 9: Personal Feelings
Three Examples (that include data types 10-12)
Example 1: Mass Transit and Property Values
Example 2: Mass Transit and Street Life
Example 3: Best Places to Work
Data Type 13: Experience as It Presents Itself to Consciousness
Hidden Social Patterns
Research Ethics
Unethical Research
Implementing Ethical Practices
Institutional Review Boards
Review Questions
Notes
Chapter 5 Step 5: Choose Your Data Collection Site
Demographic and Economic Data
Opinions, Identities, and Reports of Acts at a Shallow Level
Populations and Samples
Sample Size, Margin of Error, and Confidence Level
Observable Behavior
Deeply Held Opinions and Attitudes
Cultural and Expert Knowledge
Hidden Social Patterns
The Remaining Data Types
Review Questions
Notes
Chapter 6 Step 6: Pick a Data Analysis Method
Preliminary Questions
What Kind of Analysis Does Your Research Question Require?
What Form Does Your Data Take?
What Is Your Unit of Observation? What Is Your Unit of Analysis?
Working With Numeric Data: Describing
Working With Numeric Data: Comparing
Interval/Ratio Data
Ordinal and Categorical Data
Identifying Cause
What Statistical Test Should I Use?
Three Fallacies
Working With Qualitative Data
Respondent-Centered Versus Researcher-Centered Analysis
Coding
Internal Versus External Coding
Qualitative Data Analysis (QDA) Software
Warnings
Review Questions
Summarizing the Six Steps
Notes

PART TWO COLLECTING AND ANALYZING DIFFERENT TYPES OF DATA

Chapter 7 Comparing: Economic, Demographic, and Organizational Data
About Comparing
Comparing San Antonio and Portland
Comparing the 50 U.S. States
About Correlations
Three Examples
Comparing Places: Do Walkable Neighborhoods Improve Health?
Comparing Organizations: Does Treating Employees Well Increase Company Performance?
Comparing Schools: Do Charter Schools Improve Student Test Scores?
Research Ethics
Review Questions
Notes
Chapter 8 Surveying: Shallow Opinions, Identities, and Reports of Acts
Three Reminders
Two Examples
Studying School Safety
Kids’ Attitudes Toward Reading
Survey Data Analysis
Analyzing Interval/Ratio Survey Results
Analyzing Ordinal and Categorical Data
Practical Matters
Creating Your Questionnaire
Sampling (Again)
Surveying Online
Research Ethics
Review Questions
Notes
Chapter 9 Interviewing: Deep Talk to Gather Several Types of Data
Hermeneutic Interviews
An Example: “Motherloss”
How to Write an Interview Protocol
Coding Your Data
Interviews With Experts
Critical Incident Interviews
Focus Groups
Phenomenological Interviews
An Example
How Is It Done?
Other Types of Data
How Many Subjects?
Research Ethics
Review Questions
Notes
Chapter 10 Scales: Looking for Underlying Traits
Scales of Psychological Well-Being
Creating Scales
Using the Scales
Analyzing Scale Research
T-Tests and Analysis of Variance
Control Variables
Research Ethics
Review Questions
Notes
Chapter 11 Recording Behavior: Acts and Reports of Acts
Watching People
Watching Gender Speech
Collecting Self-Reports
A Variation: The Beeper Studies
Watching Animals
Watching Chimps
Ravens and Elephant-Shrews
What If They Hide?
Experiments
Experiments About Stereotype Threat
Experiments About Discrimination
Rules for Experiments
Research Ethics
Review Questions
Notes
Chapter 12 Finding Hidden Social Patterns: In Life, Texts, and Popular Culture
About Hidden Patterns
Analyzing Texts
Dreams as Texts
Other Texts
Analyzing Discourses
Critical Discourse Analysis
Two Examples
Analyzing Popular Culture: The Soaps
Research Ethics
Review Questions
Notes
Chapter 13 Ethnography: Exploring Cultural and Social Scenes
The Three Goals
Goal One: Seeing the World as the Participants See It
Goal Two: Watching What Participants Do
On Taking Field Notes
Goal Three: Understanding Hidden Patterns
What Doesn’t Matter
Steps to a Successful Ethnography
Gaining Access
Developing Rapport
Listening to Language
Being an Observed Observer
What About Objectivity?
Writing Your Results
A Word About Grounded Theory
Research Ethics
Review Questions
Notes
Chapter 14 Extended Example: Counting the Homeless
What Caused the Homeless Crisis?
Who Is Homeless?
How Can We Find and Count Street Homeless?
Peter Rossi’s Chicago Count
Martha Burt’s Weeklong Method
Counting San Bernardino
Conflicting Results
Correcting National Figures
Research Ethics
Reflections
Summary of the Six Steps
Notes

Research Guides and Handouts

Six-Steps Graphic: From Research Question to Data Analysis
What Is a Concept Paper?
How to Choose a Data Collection Method
A Template for Field Notes
How to Write an Interview Protocol
How Many Subjects? (for interview studies)
Interview Rule-of-Thumb Flowchart for Nonrandom Samples
What Statistical Tests Should I Use?

Glossary

Author Index

Subject Index

Additional materials

Reviews

"An extremely well organized text covering basics of research design and methods that consistently uses the six steps in the text and in examples to assure that students ... Press enter to read the full quote (will open a modal popup)
Anne Rothstein, Lehman College
"As Spickard explains, students tend to fear and shy away from research and particularly statistics courses. This textbook is designed in such a manner that it engages th... Press enter to read the full quote (will open a modal popup)
Manuel Zamora, Angelo State University
"It incorporates much of what must be pieced together from multiple resources into one text. The six-step strategy breaks the process down into manageable units, and it i... Press enter to read the full quote (will open a modal popup)
Terry Webster, Pacific Oaks College
"It's a textbook with lots of unique features, such as question-method match, data type-analytical tool match, as well as ethical theory-practice match. It's easy to foll... Press enter to read the full quote (will open a modal popup)
Lei Zhang, University of Colorado at Colorado Springs
"Scholarly but not threatening to students who are scared of the word "research". The layout, language, and images make a challenging subject easier to understand and muc... Press enter to read the full quote (will open a modal popup)
Timothy Gunnells, Amridge University
"Research is hard. This text helps explain a complicated process and guides students through research design in simpler terms. As an instructor, I appreciate authors who ... Press enter to read the full quote (will open a modal popup)
Marquita Walker, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis
"While many research design texts struggle with integrating statistical applications within the broader design process, this text is a notable exception." Press enter to read the full quote (will open a modal popup)
Ryan McGill, The College of William and Mary
“A logical and thoughtfully designed text that brings together a preferred approach with the right amount of rigor.” Press enter to read the full quote (will open a modal popup)
Robert H Buckham, Whitworth University
“A refreshing, holistic view of introductory research methods.” Press enter to read the full quote (will open a modal popup)
Stephanie Morgan, Alaska Pacific University
“This is an excellent introductory text for students that are interested in quantitative analysis. A nice feature of the book is that incorporates the increasingly import... Press enter to read the full quote (will open a modal popup)
Andreas Kern, McCourt School of Public Policy, Georgetown University
"Clear, concise, conversational introduction to the basic principles and activities of research. Useful for students of research at any stage, and especially appropriate ... Press enter to read the full quote (will open a modal popup)
Neil Coulter, Center for Excellence in World Arts
· “Aimed at being easy to understand and to take some of the ‘scary’ out of the research process.” Press enter to read the full quote (will open a modal popup)
Jessica Rack, University of Cincinnati
“Concise, comprehensive, and practical; its emphasis on ethics is clearly relevant within the context of studying human behavior within societies around the world.” Press enter to read the full quote (will open a modal popup)
Patrick Webb, Southern University at New Orleans
“James Spickard's SAGE's Research Basics: Design to Data Analysis in Six Steps provides students the ability, confidence, and skill set to take a complex subject and make... Press enter to read the full quote (will open a modal popup)
Janine Spinola Taylor, Springfield College School of Professional and Continuing Studies

Research Basics

Design to Data Analysis in Six Steps

James V. (Vernon) Spickard

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September 2016 | 424 pages | Sage US

Format	Published Date	ISBN	Price

For Instructors: Why This Book?
What Lies Ahead
Acknowledgments
About the Author
Introduction
Why a Six-Step Formula?
Looking Ahead
PART ONE THE SIX STEPS
Chapter 1 Step 1: Develop a Good Research Question
Start With a Research Topic
From Topic to Question
An Example: Mass Transit
Making Decisions
Search the Literature
Recraft Your Research Question
Questions Based on the Literature
Three More Possibilities
Start Your Research Proposal
The Parts of a Proposal
A Proposal in Brief: The Concept Paper
Review Questions
Notes
Chapter 2 Step 2: Choose a Logical Structure for Your Research
Three Examples
1. Comparing Outcomes
2. Systematic Description
3. Seeking Correlations
Ten Logical Structures for Research
1. True Experiments
2. Quasi-Experiments
3. Ex Post Facto Research
4. Correlational Research
5. Descriptive Research
6. Case Studies
7. Historical Research
8. Longitudinal Research
9. Meta-Analysis
10. Action Research
Matching Logical Structure to the Research Question
Review Questions
Notes
Chapter 3 Step 3: Identify the Type of Data You Need
Fourteen Types of Data
1. Acts, Behavior, or Events
2. Reports of Acts, Behavior, or Events
3. Economic Data
4. Organizational Data
5. Demographic Data
6. Self-Identity
7. Shallow Opinions and Attitudes
8. Deeply Held Opinions and Attitudes
9. Personal Feelings
10. Cultural Knowledge
11. Expert Knowledge
12. Personal and Psychological Traits
13. Experience as It Presents Itself to Consciousness
14. Hidden Social Patterns
Review Questions
Notes
Chapter 4 Step 4: Pick a Data Collection Method
Match Your Method to Your Data
Data Type 1: Acts, Behavior, or Events
Data Type 2: Reports of Acts, Behavior, or Events
Data Types 3, 4, and 5: Economic, Organizational, and Demographic Data
Data Type 6: Self-Identity
Data Types 7 and 8: Shallow and Deeply Held Opinions and Attitudes
Data Type 9: Personal Feelings
Three Examples (that include data types 10-12)
Example 1: Mass Transit and Property Values
Example 2: Mass Transit and Street Life
Example 3: Best Places to Work
Data Type 13: Experience as It Presents Itself to Consciousness
Hidden Social Patterns
Research Ethics
Unethical Research
Implementing Ethical Practices
Institutional Review Boards
Review Questions
Notes
Chapter 5 Step 5: Choose Your Data Collection Site
Demographic and Economic Data
Opinions, Identities, and Reports of Acts at a Shallow Level
Populations and Samples
Sample Size, Margin of Error, and Confidence Level
Observable Behavior
Deeply Held Opinions and Attitudes
Cultural and Expert Knowledge
Hidden Social Patterns
The Remaining Data Types
Review Questions
Notes
Chapter 6 Step 6: Pick a Data Analysis Method
Preliminary Questions
What Kind of Analysis Does Your Research Question Require?
What Form Does Your Data Take?
What Is Your Unit of Observation? What Is Your Unit of Analysis?
Working With Numeric Data: Describing
Working With Numeric Data: Comparing
Interval/Ratio Data
Ordinal and Categorical Data
Identifying Cause
What Statistical Test Should I Use?
Three Fallacies
Working With Qualitative Data
Respondent-Centered Versus Researcher-Centered Analysis
Coding
Internal Versus External Coding
Qualitative Data Analysis (QDA) Software
Warnings
Review Questions
Summarizing the Six Steps
Notes
PART TWO COLLECTING AND ANALYZING DIFFERENT TYPES OF DATA
Chapter 7 Comparing: Economic, Demographic, and Organizational Data
About Comparing
Comparing San Antonio and Portland
Comparing the 50 U.S. States
About Correlations
Three Examples
Comparing Places: Do Walkable Neighborhoods Improve Health?
Comparing Organizations: Does Treating Employees Well Increase Company Performance?
Comparing Schools: Do Charter Schools Improve Student Test Scores?
Research Ethics
Review Questions
Notes
Chapter 8 Surveying: Shallow Opinions, Identities, and Reports of Acts
Three Reminders
Two Examples
Studying School Safety
Kids’ Attitudes Toward Reading
Survey Data Analysis
Analyzing Interval/Ratio Survey Results
Analyzing Ordinal and Categorical Data
Practical Matters
Creating Your Questionnaire
Sampling (Again)
Surveying Online
Research Ethics
Review Questions
Notes
Chapter 9 Interviewing: Deep Talk to Gather Several Types of Data
Hermeneutic Interviews
An Example: “Motherloss”
How to Write an Interview Protocol
Coding Your Data
Interviews With Experts
Critical Incident Interviews
Focus Groups
Phenomenological Interviews
An Example
How Is It Done?
Other Types of Data
How Many Subjects?
Research Ethics
Review Questions
Notes
Chapter 10 Scales: Looking for Underlying Traits
Scales of Psychological Well-Being
Creating Scales
Using the Scales
Analyzing Scale Research
T-Tests and Analysis of Variance
Control Variables
Research Ethics
Review Questions
Notes
Chapter 11 Recording Behavior: Acts and Reports of Acts
Watching People
Watching Gender Speech
Collecting Self-Reports
A Variation: The Beeper Studies
Watching Animals
Watching Chimps
Ravens and Elephant-Shrews
What If They Hide?
Experiments
Experiments About Stereotype Threat
Experiments About Discrimination
Rules for Experiments
Research Ethics
Review Questions
Notes
Chapter 12 Finding Hidden Social Patterns: In Life, Texts, and Popular Culture
About Hidden Patterns
Analyzing Texts
Dreams as Texts
Other Texts
Analyzing Discourses
Critical Discourse Analysis
Two Examples
Analyzing Popular Culture: The Soaps
Research Ethics
Review Questions
Notes
Chapter 13 Ethnography: Exploring Cultural and Social Scenes
The Three Goals
Goal One: Seeing the World as the Participants See It
Goal Two: Watching What Participants Do
On Taking Field Notes
Goal Three: Understanding Hidden Patterns
What Doesn’t Matter
Steps to a Successful Ethnography
Gaining Access
Developing Rapport
Listening to Language
Being an Observed Observer
What About Objectivity?
Writing Your Results
A Word About Grounded Theory
Research Ethics
Review Questions
Notes
Chapter 14 Extended Example: Counting the Homeless
What Caused the Homeless Crisis?
Who Is Homeless?
How Can We Find and Count Street Homeless?
Peter Rossi’s Chicago Count
Martha Burt’s Weeklong Method
Counting San Bernardino
Conflicting Results
Correcting National Figures
Research Ethics
Reflections
Summary of the Six Steps
Notes
Research Guides and Handouts
Six-Steps Graphic: From Research Question to Data Analysis
What Is a Concept Paper?
How to Choose a Data Collection Method
A Template for Field Notes
How to Write an Interview Protocol
How Many Subjects? (for interview studies)
Interview Rule-of-Thumb Flowchart for Nonrandom Samples
What Statistical Tests Should I Use?
Glossary
Author Index
Subject Index

Recent Product Reviews:

"An extremely well organized text covering basics of research design and methods that consistently uses the six steps in the text and in examples to assure that students understand."

Anne Rothstein, Lehman College

"As Spickard explains, students tend to fear and shy away from research and particularly statistics courses. This textbook is designed in such a manner that it engages the student and keeps the student's attention through case illustrations and an easy-to-read format."

Manuel Zamora, Angelo State University

"It incorporates much of what must be pieced together from multiple resources into one text. The six-step strategy breaks the process down into manageable units, and it is clear to me how each step contributes to the overall process."

Terry Webster, Pacific Oaks College

"It's a textbook with lots of unique features, such as question-method match, data type-analytical tool match, as well as ethical theory-practice match. It's easy to follow and it acts as a textbook and a practical guide for undergraduate students. Chapters are organized as cooking recipes and examples are interesting and inspiring."

Lei Zhang, University of Colorado at Colorado Springs

"Scholarly but not threatening to students who are scared of the word "research". The layout, language, and images make a challenging subject easier to understand and much less overwhelming."

Timothy Gunnells, Amridge University

Research Basics

Description

Contents

Additional materials

Description

Contents

For Instructors: Why This Book?

For Instructors: Why This Book?

Acknowledgments

Acknowledgments

About the Author

About the Author

Introduction

Introduction

PART ONE THE SIX STEPS

PART ONE THE SIX STEPS

PART TWO COLLECTING AND ANALYZING DIFFERENT TYPES OF DATA

PART TWO COLLECTING AND ANALYZING DIFFERENT TYPES OF DATA

Research Guides and Handouts

Research Guides and Handouts

Glossary

Glossary

Author Index

Author Index

Subject Index

Subject Index

Additional materials

Description

Description

Contents

Contents

For Instructors: Why This Book?

For Instructors: Why This Book?

Acknowledgments

Acknowledgments

About the Author

About the Author

Introduction

Introduction

PART ONE THE SIX STEPS

PART ONE THE SIX STEPS

PART TWO COLLECTING AND ANALYZING DIFFERENT TYPES OF DATA

PART TWO COLLECTING AND ANALYZING DIFFERENT TYPES OF DATA

Research Guides and Handouts

Research Guides and Handouts

Glossary

Glossary

Author Index

Author Index

Subject Index

Subject Index

Additional materials

Additional materials

Reviews

Research Basics

Design to Data Analysis in Six Steps

Table Of Contents:

Recent Product Reviews:

Recommendations