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Publication ethics policies

Overview Artificial intelligence policy Authorship guidelines Citation manipulation policy Commentaries, critiques and responses Complaints and appeals Corrections and retractions policy Third party submitters Declaration of conflicting interests Disclaimers Ethics & responsibility Ethics approval and informed consent statements Funding statements Identifying images and information policy Prior publication Request for anonymity Research data sharing policies Simultaneous submissions policy Special collections at Sage

Publication ethics policies

Ethics & responsibility

Sage is committed to upholding the integrity of the work we publish. The value of academic publishing relies on everyone involved behaving ethically. The following points are only intended to give a broad overview and are not exhaustive. We encourage our authors and editors to refer to the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) website. Sage believes strongly in maintaining an accurate academic record and follows COPE’s Principles of Transparency and Best Practice in Scholarly Publishing. In the event a journal ceases publication and Sage removes the journal’s website, all articles available online will be triggered for Open Access via the CLOCKSS archive for permanent preservation. If you are unsure of a journal-related ethical issue, you might well find the answer in COPE’s wealth of materials, but if you have any questions or concerns please also feel free to contact the Editor of the Journal, or the Sage Publishing Editor, or you can email us.

Sage is committed to:

maintaining the editorial independence of journal editors
supporting journal editors to run their journals ethically and transparently
maintaining an accurate and transparent academic record, including publishing corrections and retractions when necessary

Authors

Authors should ensure that:

their work is original and written by them
their work has not been previously published and has been submitted only to the journal
where material is taken from other sources (including their own published writing) the source is clearly cited and that where appropriate permission is obtained
their work does not infringe on any rights of others, including privacy rights and intellectual property rights
their data is true and not manipulated
their data is their own or that they have permission to use data reproduced in their paper
any real or apparent conflicting or competing interest is clearly stated on submission of their paper (this would include funding assistance)
they adhere to all research ethics guidelines of their discipline, particularly where human or animal subjects are involved
they contact the Editor to identify and correct any material errors upon discovery, whether prior or subsequent to publication of their work
authorship of the paper is accurately represented, including ensuring that all individuals credited as authors participated in the actual authorship of the work and that all who participated are credited and have given consent for publication

Above all, authors should be transparent. For example, if an author is not sure whether her paper is original (for instance, whether it might constitute duplicate publication), she should inform the journal’s editor. If the editor decides it is appropriate to publish, the paper itself should state clearly any potential overlap.

For more information, please visit information for authors

Editors

Editors should:

maintain and promote consistent ethical policies for their journals
oversee and act to enforce those policies as needed in a fair and consistent manner
ensure the confidentiality of the review process
exercise the highest standards of personal integrity in their work as editor of the journal, recognising and planning for instances where they could have a competing interest or the appearance of a competing interest
work with authors, reviewers, and Editorial Board members as necessary to ensure they are sufficiently advised regarding their journals’ ethics and publishing policies and that the journal’s stewardship on ethical matters is fair, unbiased, and timely

For more information, please visit information for editors.

Reviewers

Reviewers must:

maintain the confidentiality of the review process
refrain from contacting the authors directly without permission of the journal
immediately alert their journal editor of any real or potential competing interest that could affect the impartiality of their reviewing and decline to review where appropriate
conduct themselves fairly and impartially

We are aware, of course, that academics will come from a particular school of thought and/or may have strong ties to a particular interest. All we ask is that reviewers strive to act fairly. If in doubt about whether a conflict exists, a reviewer should be transparent and seek the views of the journal editor.

For more information, please visit information for reviewers

Additional resources

Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) -- http://publicationethics.org/
American Educational Research Association (AERA): http://www.aera.net/Portals/38/docs/About_AERA/CodeOfEthics(1).pdf
American Political Science Association (APSA) -- http://www.apsanet.org/RESOURCES/For-Faculty/Ethics
American Psychological Association (APA) -- http://www.apa.org/ethics/code/index.aspx
British Educational Research Association (BERA) -- https://www.bera.ac.uk/researchers-resources/resources-for-researchers
Council of Science Editors (CSE) -- http://www.councilscienceeditors.org/i4a/pages/index.cfm?pageid=3331
International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) -- http://www.icmje.org/urm_main.html
National Institutes of Health (NIH) -- http://ethics.od.nih.gov/procedures.htm#protocol
World Association of Medical Editors (WAME) -- http://www.wame.org/policies-and-resources
World Medical Association (WMA): http://www.wma.net/en/20activities/10ethics/index.htm

Everyone including editorial boards

We should promote fairness and equality and oppose discrimination
We should promote the transparency of and respect for the academic record
We should respect the confidentiality of others
We should be transparent about real or apparent competing interests

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